重组人EC—SOD包涵体的复性

目的将E．coil中表达的人胞外超氧化物歧化酶(hEO-SOD)包涵体进行复性。方法分离包涵体，用8mol/L尿素溶解后进行透析复性。结果包涵体蛋白可以部分复性，比活达到900U／mg protein。结论透析复性法可以复性EC-SOD包涵体。     

对大肠杆菌异源表达乳酸片球菌素包涵体复性方法的研究

本研究对E.coli BL21(DE3)基因工程菌高效表达的乳酸片球菌素融合蛋白包涵体进行了提取和变性溶解,并采用稀释复性,反稀释复性,透析复性,CTAB辅助复性和CTAB和β-CD结合辅助复性五种方法对乳酸片球菌素融合蛋白包涵体的变性溶液进行了复性的研究。结果表明CTAB和β-CD结合辅助复性的复性方法优于其它的复性方法,可以实现以较高浓度的包涵体变性蛋白溶液,较小体积的复性液来获得较高浓度的复性产物和达到相对稳定的复性率。     

大肠杆菌重组几丁质酶的表达、包涵体复性及酶学性质研究

通过研究重组几丁质酶在大肠杆菌表达系统中诱导表达的浓度、时间和温度,获得表达的最佳条件。表达产物除了可溶性目的蛋白以外,仍存在于包涵体中。采用透析复性和Ni-NTA亲和层析柱上复性两种方法对包涵体中的目的蛋白进行复性,并比较对目的蛋白产率和比酶活的影响。并考察了亲和层析柱上复性时的上样量、洗脱速率和温度对酶活的影响。结果发现,表达的几丁质酶可以采用透析和亲和层析柱上复性,亲和层析柱上复性的比酶活为1347.7 U/mg,明显高于透析复性,但产率明显低于透析复性。对1 m L的Ni-NTA亲和层析柱,较低浓度的蛋白复性液在0.4 m L·min-1洗脱速率下,降低上样量和温度,可以提高复性效率。复性后的几丁质酶对荧光底物具有较高活性,反应的最适温度为37℃,最适p H为3.8。     

诱导时机对羧肽酶原B包涵体质量和复性率影响的研究

目的 研究诱导时机对羧肽酶原B包涵体质量和复性率的影响,探讨包涵体质量评价体系.方法 在不同时间诱导产生重组羧肽酶原B包涵体,研究其变性和复性、对蛋白酶K的稳定性及在一定浓度盐酸胍溶液中的化学变性,分析诱导时间与包涵体复性率的相关性.结果 诱导时机不同,所得重组羧肽酶原B包涵体复性率及对蛋白酶K的稳定性不同,在一定浓度盐酸胍溶液中的溶解性也不同.复性率越高的包涵体越不易被蛋白酶K酶解,对化学变性剂的稳定性也高.结论 诱导时机影响重组羧肽酶原B包涵体的质量及复性率.     

原核表达抗克伦特罗重组单链抗体及其纯化研究

目的:原核表达抗克伦特罗重组单链抗体,对表达的包涵体蛋白进行提取和纯化,并鏊定重组抗体特性.方法:通过温度诱导大肠杆菌表达抗克伦特罗单链抗体,超声破碎菌体细胞,采用不同洗涤溶液提取包涵体.以不同变性剂溶解包涵体,Ni-NTA亲和柱纯化后,经脉冲稀释法将其复性.超滤及透析浓缩蛋白复性液,经Ni-NTA亲和柱二次纯化,得到纯化重组目的蛋白.通过SDS-PAGE电泳分析重组目的蛋白纯度,采用Western bloning和间接竞争EUSA对所制备的抗克伦特罗重组单链抗体特异性进行鉴定.结果:以大肠杆菌Es-cherichia coli BL21(DE3)为宿主菌诱导表达重组单链抗体,产率最高,占菌体蛋白的31%.以1 mol/L尿素洗涤包涵体,6 mol/L盐酸胍为变性剂,经Ni-NTA亲和柱纯化,所得复性重组单链抗体蛋白的纯度达96%.Western blotting分析显示,纯化并复性后的单链抗体可与鼠抗His标签蛋白单克隆抗体发生特异性的结合反应.间接竞争ELSIA结果表明,该重组抗体IC50值为3.35 ng/mL,与沙丁胺醇等结构类似物无交叉反应.结论:原核表达制备的抗克伦特罗重组单链抗体具有较好的抗原结合活性及特异性,为进一步开展克伦特罗的免疫快速检测研究奠定基础.     

重组N-乙酰鸟氨酸脱乙酰基酶包涵体蛋白的柱上复性

N-乙酰鸟氨酸脱乙酰基酶(NAO)具有广泛的底物选择性,可用于多种活性氨基酸的酶法拆分,具有广阔的工业应用前景。文中采用多种洗涤剂对重组N-乙酰鸟氨酸脱乙酰基酶包涵体进行洗涤去杂,并用DEAE Sepharose Fast Flow层析柱和三缓冲体系作为复性系统对重组N-乙酰鸟氨酸脱乙酰基酶包涵体进行复性实验。结果表明,4mol/L尿素与0.5%Triton X-100联合洗涤可以大量去除杂质;三缓冲体系能有效地实现重组N-乙酰鸟氨酸脱乙酰基酶包涵体的柱上复性。在流速为0.5 mL/min,尿素梯度为21 mL,尿素终浓度为1.8mol/L,蛋白质上样量为0.99 mg的实验条件下,蛋白回收率和复性酶比活分别达到52%和10.27 U/mg。     

Bacillus sp.肌氨酸氧化酶的脱辅基与重构

在肌氨酸氧化酶脱辅基的效果不够理想的情况下,利用不含辅基的重组肌氨酸氧化酶包涵体进行透析复性,以期重现SOX酶与辅酶的复合。研究表明,肌氨酸氧化酶(SOX)包涵体较适合的复性条件为:酶蛋白质量浓度0.3 g/L,透析液pH 8.5,温度4℃,氧化还原值(GSH/GSSG)为2,复性时间为24 h。作者还比较了不同天然辅基与SOX蛋白的复合效果,通过圆二色性、红外光谱以及DSC热差分析,探究了天然辅基与肌氨酸氧化酶复合后对酶蛋白二级结构、比酶活及稳定性的影响。     

重组牛乳铁蛋白肽包含体的复性与纯化

通过分析透析液pH值，包含体蛋白浓度，DTT浓度3个参数对复性率的影响，确定了重组牛乳铁蛋白N-末端多肽（pGEX-4T1／rbLF—N）包含体透析复性的最佳条件和复性后蛋白纯化的适宜方法。采用谷胱甘肽琼脂糖凝肢4B柱（Glutathione Sapharose^TM 4B）时复性后的蛋白溶液进行纯化．纯化后的融和蛋白经胃蛋白酶酶解并检测其酶解产物的抗菌活性。试验表明包涵体蛋白可以部分复性。当pH值为8．5，包含体蛋白质量浓度为100mg／L，DTT浓度为24mmol／L，包含体的复性率最高。纯化后的融合蛋白酶解产物具有抗菌作用。     

大肠杆菌表达包涵体蛋白体外复性研究进展

包涵体形成是大肠杆菌表达重组蛋白常见的问题.因此,为获得大量的活性蛋白而对其包涵体进行复性的研究引起了人们极大兴趣.本文综述了近年来发展起来的低分子量添加物、反胶团、分子伴侣、层析复性等新的复性方法、复性检测方法和体外复性机制.     

诱导时机对羧肽酶原B包涵体质量和复性率影响的研究

目的研究诱导时机对羧肽酶原B包涵体质量和复性率的影响,探讨包涵体质量评价体系。方法在不同时间诱导产生重组羧肽酶原B包涵体,研究其变性和复性、对蛋白酶K的稳定性及在一定浓度盐酸胍溶液中的化学变性,分析诱导时间与包涵体复性率的相关性。结果诱导时机不同,所得重组羧肽酶原B包涵体复性率及对蛋白酶K的稳定性不同,在一定浓度盐酸胍溶液中的溶解性也不同。复性率越高的包涵体越不易被蛋白酶K酶解,对化学变性剂的稳定性也高。结论诱导时机影响重组羧肽酶原B包涵体的质量及复性率。     

细胞穿膜肽TAT与小鼠干细胞转录因子Oct4融合表达及纯化

将TAT-Oct4目的基因插入pET28a表达载体,构建重组表达质粒pET28a-TAT-Oct4,形成大肠杆菌重组表达体系。融合蛋白TAT-Oct4在大肠杆菌中主要以包涵体形式表达,表达产物经纯化后,纯度可达90%以上。通过尿素梯度透析复性,TAT-Oct4平均复性收率为8.8%。细胞免疫荧光技术分析表明,TAT-Oct4融合蛋白可穿透近100%细胞的细胞膜,其进膜后主要分布于细胞核内。建立了具有活性的TAT-Oct4融合蛋白生物制备方法,为细胞重编程提供了一种有效的研究材料,并可为其他用于细胞重编程的干细胞转录因子设计提供实用的方法学。     

Production of recombinant human midkine in yeast, Pichia pastoris

Recombinant human midkine was expressed in the cells of Pichia pastoris under the control of the AOX1 gene promoter. The expression of midkine was efficiently induced by methanol in a high cell density fermentation. Approximately 0.3 g/l culture of midkine accumulated in the cells by 72 h after induction. When the cells were disrupted, midkine was recovered in an insoluble form, and was insoluble even in the presence of 7 M urea. The precipitate was dissolved in the buffer solution (pH 8) containing 8 M guanidine hydrochloride, 10 mM dithiothreitol, 1 mM EDTA and 50 mM Tris-Cl, and then, midkine was renatured by dialysis at high concentration against the buffer solution (pH 8) containing 0.5 M sodium chloride and 20 mM Tris-Cl. The renatured midkine was recovered using a SP-Sepharose column, and purified further by Heparin-Sepharose column chromatography. Approximately 64 mg/l culture of the purified midkine was obtained. The amino acid sequence of amino-terminus and the amino acid composition of midkine were the same as those of Met-midkine that has a methionine residue at the amino-teminus. Mass spectrometry of purified Met-midkine showed a mass of 13370.7 Da (average), almost the theoretical mass for it. The Met-midkine enhanced the proliferation of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells.     

利用绿色荧光蛋白建立包涵体变-复性新方法

为提高常规稀释复性方法的复性效率,以重组绿色荧光蛋白(green fluorescent protein,GFP)包涵体为模型,开发一种新的双变性- 稀释复性方法。新方法选取含有精氨酸的碱性复合溶液作为第一变性剂溶解GFP 包涵体,通过梯度降低变性液的酸碱度析出溶解目的蛋白,再以尿素为第二变性剂溶解析出的蛋白,随后进行稀释复性。结果显示：与常规方法比,新方法复性的绿色荧光蛋白活性收率提高至1.5～2.3 倍,复性蛋白对温度、溶液酸碱度及变性剂的稳定性提高。增强型绿色荧光蛋白(enhanced GFP,EGFP)及其融合蛋白的包涵体采用新方法进行复性,均取得80% 以上的活性回收率,说明新方法对GFP 系列融合蛋白的包涵体具有一定的适用性。新方法从变性剂使用与包涵体结构的关系出发,突破常规操作中变性剂单次使用的局限,既保留了简便性又提高了常规稀释复性方法的效率。     

沙棘SOD结构修饰及性质研究

研究沙棘SOD纯化和化学修饰的效果。用沙棘原果为材料,经透析膜进行纯化SOD,选用月桂酸对沙棘SOD进行化学修饰,最后分别对天然SOD和修饰后SOD做热稳定性、抗酶解性、抗酸碱性和金属离子影响的研究。研究结论表明:修饰后SOD的热稳定性与pH稳定性均明显提高。与天然SOD相比,修饰后的蛋白酶酶切耐受性明显增强,同时金属离子对修饰后的SOD影响也较天然SOD不同。     

Solubilization and refolding of bacterial inclusion body proteins

Inclusion bodies produced in Escherichia coli are composed of densely packed denatured protein molecules in the form of particles. Refolding of inclusion body proteins into bioactive forms is cumbersome, results in poor recovery and accounts for the major cost in production of recombinant proteins from E. coli. With new information available on the structure and function of protein aggregates in bacterial inclusion bodies, it has been possible to develop improved solubilization and refolding procedures for higher recovery of bioactive protein. Inclusion bodies are formed from partially folded protein intermediates and are composed of aggregates of mostly single types of polypeptide. This helps to isolate and purify the protein aggregates to homogeneity before solubilization and refolding. Proteins inside inclusion body aggregates have native-like secondary structures. It is assumed that restoration of this native-like secondary structure using mild solubilization conditions will help in improved recovery of bioactive protein in comparison to solubilization using a high concentration of chaotropic agent. Analysis of the dominant forces causing aggregation during inclusion body formation provides information to develop suitable mild solubilization procedures for inclusion body proteins. Refolding from such solubilized protein will be very high due to restoration of native-like secondary structure. Human growth hormone inclusion bodies were purified to homogeneity from E. coli cells before solubilization and refolding. Pure inclusion bodies were solubilized at alkaline pH in the presence of 2 M urea solution. The solubilized proteins were refolded using a pulsatile renaturation process and subsequently purified using chromatographic procedures. More than 40% of the inclusion body proteins could be refolded back to the bioactive native conformation. Mild solubilization is thus the key for high recovery of bioactive protein from inclusion bodies.     

α-L-鼠李糖苷酶以催化活性包涵体形式异源表达及其酶学性质

从解肝磷脂土地杆菌（Pedobacter heparinus）基因组DNA扩增获得两个α-L-鼠李糖苷酶基因PhRha78E和PhRha78G,构建于表达载体pET-28a;将重组表达质粒转入大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）进行异源表达,PhRha78E和PhRha78G以不溶性包涵体形式大量表达于沉淀中,每克菌体可分别获得0.42?g和0.39?g含目的酶包涵体的沉淀。酶活实验显示二者的不溶性包涵体具有催化活性,可以催化水解底物对硝基苯酚-α-L-吡喃鼠李糖苷（p-nitrophenol-α-L-rhamnopyranoside,PNPR）,表明二者在大肠杆菌中以催化活性包涵体形式异源表达。PhRha78E和PhRha78G的最适反应pH值相近,分别为6.5和7.0,PhRha78E在酸性pH?4.8仍能保持62%酶活力,而PhRha78G在碱性pH?8.6依然保持72%酶活力;PhRha78E和PhRha78G的最适反应温度却相差很大,分别为60?℃和40?℃,PhRha78E在高温70?℃条件下仍能保持69%酶活力,而PhRha78G在低温20?℃条件下仍有43%酶活力;动力学常数kcat分别为0.18?s－1和0.12?s－1,Km分别为0.55?mmol/L和0.40?mmol/L。本研究揭示新型α-L-鼠李糖苷酶PhRha78E和PhRha78G在大肠杆菌中以催化活性包涵体形式异源表达,蛋白表达量大,二者酶学性质差异较大,可应用于不同的生物催化领域,并丰富了现有α-L-鼠李糖苷酶资源库。     

Streptoverticillium mobaraense谷氨酰胺转胺酶的表达、纯化和复性

以基因组DNA为模板 ,利用PCR技术从茂原轮链丝菌 (Streptoverticilliummobaraense)中扩增得到产成熟谷氨酰胺转胺酶MTG的结构基因mtg ,克隆于表达载体pQE 3 0T ,构建成lac启动子控制下的His6融合表达质粒pMTG ,将此重组质粒转化到受体菌E .coliM1 5中。对质粒稳定性的研究表明 ,E .coliM1 5在无选择压的情况下 ,于 3 7℃连续转接 5次 ,质粒丢失率仅有 2 4%,说明质粒基本稳定。重组菌经IPTG诱导 ,表达的重组谷氨酰胺转胺酶占菌体总蛋白的 1 8%,经SDS PAGE分析 ,表达的蛋白质的分子质量为 3 8ku ,与预期分子质量相符。表达产物主要以包涵体的形式存在。细胞经超声破碎 ,离心取包涵体溶于 8mol/L的尿素中 ,然后通过Ni NTA亲和柱分离纯化和稀释法复性。目的蛋白的纯度可达 95 %以上。比酶活为 1 0 3U/mg。     

The Effective Methods in Refolding and Activation of Cathepsin L-like Soybean Protease D3

A novel cysteine protease D3, which was purified from germinating soybean cotyledons, showed high homology with cathepsin L and cathepsin K. In our previous study, because of the specificity of the enzyme, hydroly‐sates treated with D3 treatment showed a prominent property of less bitterness than other hydrolysates treated with commercially available proteases. However, active recombinant D3 prepared from Escherichia coli inclusion bodies was so intricate and less productive that it made further studies on this protease and hydrolysates difficult. In the concrete, the refolding process of the immature proD3 from inclusion bodies takes more than a day, and autocatalytic activation of refolded immature proD3 at low pH was difficult to control. In this study, we aimed to establish an efficient refolding and activating method of protease D3. In the refolding step, the procedures could be simplified by using a size‐exclusive column‐based method. In the activation step from immature proD3, we utilized another protease, subtilisin, rather than autocatalytic activation by D3 itself. After subtilisin treatment, the peptide having 12 amino acids‐length of N‐terminal pro sequence was initially cleaved, and residual proD3 showed only a half proteolytic activity of active D3. However, when the pH was shifted lower (pH4.5), D3 automatically changed to have the same proteolytic activity as active one, and this activated recombinant had the same N‐terminal sequence as purified D3 from germinating soybean cotyledons. By using this method, all preparation processes of D3 from inclusion bodies to active D3 could be completed within a few hours, and it became possible to carry out the investigation on hydrolysates on a large scale.