基于IRA码的HARQ的性能分析

混合自动重传请求(Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request,HARQ)技术是保障数据可靠传输最有效的差错控制技术。在本文中,采用不规则重复码(Irregular Repeat Accumulate,IRA)码作为前向纠错码,得出了在AWGN信道下的吞吐率。仿真结果表明,IRA码在HARQ系统中的吞吐率接近turbo码,但译码复杂度远远低于Turbo码。     

HSDPA技术中HARQ的一种新组合译码算法

文中介绍了HSDPA中组合译码的组合方案,并在传统Chase组合译码算法的基础上提出了一种改进的新组合译码算法。最后通过计算机仿真,结果表明采用新算法的HARQ在有效减少重传次数方面明显优于采用无组合译码算法的HARQ。     

一种适用于空分复用MIMO系统的迭代检测器

本文在比特交织turbo编码调制的空分复用M IMO系统发送框架下,研究了一类与Turbo码的迭代译码联合进行的软干扰抵消迭代检测算法。在首次检测中,使用了基于匹配滤波(M F)的多级串行软干扰抵消方法,在后续的检测中使用了单级并行软干扰抵消方法。本文又把迭代检测同turbo码的迭代译码联合,大大降低了每次联合检测turbo译码需要的迭代译码次数。     

一种基于大数逻辑判决和信道响应的HARQ算法

为了克服无线信道时变和多径衰落对信号传输的影响,全球微波互联接入(WiMAX)系统采用混合自动重传请求(HARQ)技术以提高数据传输的可靠性,确保服务质量。传统的非合并HARQ算法处理比较简单,内存需求较少,但是重传次数多,系统吞吐量低;合并译码HARQ算法能够有效减少重传次数,提高系统吞吐量,但是运算复杂度和内存需求较大。针对已有算法存在的不足,提出了一种基于大数逻辑判决(MLD)和信道冲激响应功率(CSI)的HARQ合并译码算法—MLD-CSI。该算法综合运用择多判决法则和择优选择法则,在接收端对多次重传的接收信号进行合并译码。分析和仿真结果表明,在时变和多径信道环境下,所提算法与MRC合并算法相比,几乎不损失系统的误码率和吞吐量性能,且运算复杂度和内存需求显著降低,非常适用于实际系统。      

Turbo乘积码梯度译码算法研究

Turbo乘积码(简称TPC码)是一类采用简单的行列交织器将分组码进行串行级联而构成的纠错码.文中针对二进制turbo乘积码提出了一种快速的软判决译码算法一梯度译码算法.该算法是以迭代Chase算法为基础,通过利用chase算法上次迭代译码而得到的每行(或列)最优判决码D(m-1)来代替竞争码字C,节省了寻找C的过程,从而简化了外信息和软输出的计算.仿真结果表明:梯度算法能在基本保持turbo乘积码的Chase算法译码性能基础上,提高了译码速度,降低了译码复杂度.     

新的turbo迭代译码停止判据

根据turbo迭代译码算法的一动态系统的观点,本文提出了一种新的迭代译码停止判据,根据该判据进行turbo译码时,平均迭代次数减少,同时,所获得的性能没有降低。     

基于网络编码的协作HARQ协议

该文基于网络编码技术提出了一种新的协作HARQ协议。在中继节点的协助下两个用户与基站进行通信。中继节点响应基站的重传请求,对两用户的增加冗余帧采用物理层网络编码即信号重叠调制技术进行处理,然后发送至基站。基站对接收信号采用多用户联合检测以及联合软判决译码。在平坦瑞利衰落信道下,该网络编码协作HARQ协议较传统的非协作HARQ协议可获得较大的性能改善,其性能接近没有采用网络编码的协作HARQ协议,且需要较少的硬件和带宽资源。     

基于DSP实现的8状态turbo码译码器

国际电信联合会在UMTS/3GPP规范中推荐8状态turbo码作为数据纠错的方案。本文回顾了turbo码的MAX-LOG-MAP译码算法,并分析了输入量化方式对译码性能的影响。在100MHz的定点DSP芯片上实现该算法时,译码速度达到110kbps～300kbps。     

基于译码可靠度的混合ARQ方案中一种有效的反馈包压缩策略

相比传统的混合ARQ方案,基于译码可靠度的混合ARQ方案可以提供更好的性能.然而,该方案的一个致命缺陷在于反向链路的负载过大,尤其是选择turbo码作为纠错码时.本文提出了一种有效的反馈包压缩策略,充分利用了重传比特间的相对位置信息,可以有效地减小采用turbo码时反馈包过大的问题.仿真结果表明,通过对反馈包作压缩编码,大大减小了反馈包的大小,从而使基于译码可靠度的混合ARQ的实用成为可能.     

基于校正子的第一类混合ARQ及其性能分析

基于校正子的计算提出了一种第一类混合ARQ (HARQ) 方案,该HARQ采用Reed-Solomon (RS)码作为纠错子系统,将检错功能巧妙融于译码过程中。对系统误比特率和吞吐量的分析与仿真表明,短码宜采用前向校正子结构,长码宜采用后向校正子结构,而系统的吞吐量与可靠性之间的最佳折衷,可以通过选择恰当的最大重传次数实现。     

基于HARQ的水声信道链路自适应技术

水声信道的多径扩展严重、环境噪声高、带宽受限、传输时延大等特点,极大地制约了水声通信系统的可靠性和有效性.链路自适应（LA）和混合自动重传（HARQ）常用来改善无线链路的可靠性和有效性,但是它们在水声环境中的性能与影响尚不明确.因此,文中主要研究水声信道中链路自适应和混合自动重传的联合优化.首先分析水声信道中不同的调制编码方式（MCS）的误码率性能.然后通过联合研究LA和HARQ技术在水声信道中的性能,文中提出一种适用于水声信道的联合LA和HARQ技术.     

An FPGA Implementation of High‐Speed Flexible 27‐Mbps 8‐StateTurbo Decoder

In this paper, we propose a flexible turbo decoding algorithm for a high order modulation scheme that uses a standard half‐rate turbo decoder designed for binary quadrature phase‐shift keying (B/QPSK) modulation. A transformation applied to the incoming I‐channel and Q‐channel symbols allows the use of an off‐the‐shelf B/QPSK turbo decoder without any modifications. Iterative codes such as turbo codes process the received symbols recursively to improve performance. As the number of iterations increases, the execution time and power consumption also increase. The proposed algorithm reduces the latency and power consumption by combination of the radix‐4, dual‐path processing, parallel decoding, and early‐stop algorithms. We implement the proposed scheme on a field‐programmable gate array and compare its decoding speed with that of a conventional decoder. The results show that the proposed flexible decoding algorithm is 6.4 times faster than the conventional scheme.     

Performance of degree distribution based HARQ scheme for LDPC-coded OFDM system

This article studies the degree distribution property of low density parity check (LDPC) codes by Gaussian approximation (GA) and presents an efficient hybrid automatic repeat quest (HARQ) scheme for LDPC-coded orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system. In the scheme, the important bits with large degrees have high retransmission priorities and are mapped to the sub-carriers with better channel quality indicator (CQI) levels in the OFDM system. The new scheme provides more protection to the bits with large degrees and thus contributes more to the decoding process by offering more transmission power. In this way the system performance would be improved. The statistics and simulation results also prove the new scheme.     

A low power turbo/Viterbi decoder for 3GPP2 applications

This paper presents a channel decoder that completes both turbo and Viterbi decodings, which are pervasive in many wireless communication systems, especially those that require very low signal-to-noise ratios. The trellis decoding algorithm merges them with less redundancy. However, the implementation is still challenging due to the power consumption in wearable devices. This research investigates an optimized memory scheme and rescheduled data flow to reduce power consumption and chip area. The memory access is reduced by buffering the input symbols, and the area is reduced by reducing the embedded interleaver memory. A test chip is fabricated in a 1.8 V 0.18-/spl mu/m standard CMOS technology and verified to provide 4.25-Mb/s turbo decoding and 5.26-Mb/s Viterbi decoding. The measured power dissipation is 83 mW, while decoding a 3.1 Mb/s turbo encoded data stream with six iterations for each block. The power consumption in Viterbi decoding is 25.1 mW in the 1-Mb/s data rate. The measurement shows the power dissipation is 83 mW for the turbo decoding with six iterations at 3.1 Mb/s, and 25.1 mW for the Viterbi decoding at 1 Mb/s.     

LTE中基于上行控制信息的调度策略分析简

LTE是3G之后一个很有前景的移动通信技术。LTE中,网络基于终端上报的上行控制信息（即CQI、RI、PMI）进行调度。终端经过测试后发现现网中网络存在多种调度策略,如完全按终端上报信息调度、完全按自己的策略调度。经分析,建议网络和终端都有自身的策略,两者相对独立,但上报或调度策略的目标是相同的,即在保证通信质量的前提下,提高数据吞吐量。     

基于天线选择的MIMO—HARQ技术研究

在移动通信技术迅速发展的今天,差错控制技术在保证通信可靠性方面起到越来越重要的作用,因此本文研究了多输入多输出系统中基于天线选择技术的混合自动请求重传技术。发送端的数据经过CRC校验,信道编码、调制,然后经过串／并变换之后发送出去,接收端接收到信息之后经过相反的处理,然后反馈相关的重传信息给发送端,重传时在发射天线集中选择最优的天线组合进行数据重传。本文提出了基于准信道信息的QR分解天线选择算法,研究结果表明,基于QR分解的天线选择算法与穷尽搜索的最优天线选择算法性能相当,但是运算量却少了很多,因此更加适合于运用到现代移动通信系统中。     

LTE下行链路中基于网络编码的多进程联合HARQ

长期演进系统的下行链路物理层采用了以传输块为基本单元的混合自动重传请求机制,保证移动终端在各种测试场景下都能获得较好的数据通过率。在对传输块的每次接收处理过程中,单个传输块中的多路独立码块数据解码结果差异较大。接收端可以通过对各个码块数据做循环冗余校验测试,标志各个码块的译码结果。然而由于传统重传机制中反馈链路的容量限制,即便只有一个码块解码错误,接收端也将反馈请求发送端重传整个传输块。网络编码技术通过对不同传输块数据做组合编码,可以有效地提高整个网络的传输效率。针对长期演进系统下行链路的传输机制,我们提出一种基于网络编码的多进程联合重传方案。新的重传方案联合多个传输块的重传进程,在每个传输块完成首次传输后,新增一个网络编码重传反馈比特,指示后续是否启动一个新进程传输多个传输块的网络编码数据包。我们给出了具体的重传协议流程,收发端都可以高效地根据网络编码重传反馈比特指示,完成相应的发送和接收操作。结合长期演进系统标准中的典型测试场景,我们给出了数据通过率的仿真结果比较。在仅新增一个反馈比特的条件下,采用网络编码技术的多进程联合重传方案在数据通过率方面有较为明显的性能增益。      

Channel adaptive CQI reporting schemes for HSDPA systems

HSDPA (high-speed downlink packet access) is an evolved UMTS packet scheme that delivers increased user peak data rates and quality of service. A key technique supporting HSDPA is adaptive modulation and coding (AMC), in which the modulation scheme and the coding rate are changed adaptively according to the downlink channel quality reported by the user equipment (UE). Therefore, the channel quality indication (CQI) reporting scheme is directly related to the accuracy of AMC and the performance of HSDPA. This letter proposes channel adaptive CQI reporting schemes in which UEs report the CQI value intelligently by using information about channel quality. With the proposed schemes, the battery capacity of UE can be conserved and the uplink interference can be lowered by filtering off redundant CQI reports or the transmission error rate can be lowered by fast CQI reports.     

Integrated circuits for channel coding in 3G cellular mobile wireless systems

Error control coding is a key element of any digital wireless communication system, minimizing the effects of noise and interference on the transmitted signal at the physical layer. In 3G mobile cellular wireless systems, error control coding must accommodate both voice and data users, whose requirements vary considerably in terms of latency, throughput, and the impact of errors on the user application. At the base station, dedicated hardware or readily reconfigurable components are needed to address the concurrent coding and decoding demands of a large number of users with different call parameters. In contrast, the encoder and decoder at the user equipment (UE) are dedicated to a single call setup which changes infrequently. In designing encoder and decoder solutions for 3G wireless systems, not only are the performance issues important, but also the costs. Cellular wireless infrastructure manufacturers need to reduce costs, maximize system reuse, and increase flexibility in order to compete in the market. Furthermore, future-proofing a network is a primary concern due to the high cost of deployment. For the UE, power consumption (battery life) and size are key constraints in addition to manufacturing costs. This article considers the 3G decoder design problem and, using case studies, describes two 3G decoder solutions using ASICs. The first device is targeted for base station deployment and is based on a unified architecture for convolutional and turbo decoding. The second device is a dedicated high-speed radix-4 logMAP turbo decoder targeted for UE, motivated by the requirements for high-speed downlink packet access. Both devices have been fabricated in 0.18 /spl mu/m CMOS technology, and while optimized for either base station or UE, may be used in both applications.