两种萘普生片在健康人体的药代动力学和相对生物利用度比较

目的：测定萘普生片人体相对生物利用度。方法：２０名健康男性志愿者随机自身交叉单剂量口服广州贝氏药业有限公司研制的萘普生片或珠海联邦制药厂有限公司中山分厂生产的萘普生片后，用高效液相色谱法测定血清中萘普生浓度并计算两者的药代动力学参数及相对生物利用度。结果：两种萘普生片的体内药时数据符合药动学二室模型，贝氏和联邦萘普生片消除速率常数　ｔ１／２β　分别为（１７．１０±９．３９）ｈ和（１６．９７±６．７３）ｈ；　Ｃｍａｘ分别为　（１３４．４９±２２．１２）　μｇ／ｍｌ和（１２９．０８±２６．７４）　μｇ／ｍｌ；　ｔｐ　分别为　（２．１０±０．６４）ｈ和（１．８８±０．７０）ｈ；　ＡＵＣ（０～７２ｈ）分别为（１８１０．５７±４００．６０）　ｍｇ·ｈ／Ｌ和（１７６２．５３±３４７．９４）ｍｇ·ｈ／Ｌ。经统计学分析表明，两者无显著性差异（Ｐ　＞０．０５）。结论：贝氏萘普生片对联邦萘普生片的相对生物利用度为　（１０２．７２±１３．７６）％，两种萘普生片具有生物等效性。     

头孢克罗缓释片的药物动力学和生物利用度研究

比较了头孢克罗缓释片和普通胶囊的药物动力学和生物利用度，８名健康志愿者随机交叉单剂量ｐｏ７５０ｍｇ缓释片和普通胶囊，采用ＨＰＬＣ法测定血浆和尿中头孢克罗浓度，缓释片和普通胶囊的药动学参数为Ｃｍａｘ７．２６±１．０８和１５．４４±３．７３μｇ／ｍｌ；Ｔｍａｘ１．１３±０．２３和０．７２±０．１６ｈ；ｔ１／２０．９４±０．１９和０．６３±０．０８ｈ；ＭＲＴ２．５１±０．４５和１．３５±０．２５ｈ，ＡＵＣ２１．６５±３．３１和２２．２４±３．６８ｈμｇ／ｍｌ。ＡＵＣ及其对数形式经三因素方差分析和双单侧检验，两种制剂均无显著性差异，缓释片的相对生物利用度为（９８．２３±１３．７３）％。     

盐酸丁咯地尔片的生物利用度及药代动力学研究

为比较国产盐酸丁咯地尔片剂和进口盐酸丁咯地尔（活脑灵）片剂的药代动力学参数,求出国产制剂的生物利用度,将１２ 名健康志愿者随机分为２ 组,分别单次口服国产盐酸丁咯地尔片及进口活脑灵片３００ｍ ｇ,用ＨＰＬＣ法测定血药浓度,采用３Ｐ９７ 程序处理实验数据,进行药代动力学和相对生物利用度研究。结果表明,口服国产和进口两种制剂的药时曲线均符合一室模型,血药峰浓度Ｃｍ ａｘ 分别为（１．９５±０．４２）ｍ ｇ／Ｌ和（２．００±０．５７）ｍ ｇ／Ｌ,达峰时间Ｔｐｅａｋ 分别为（２．４２±０．６３）ｈ 和（２．４８±０．４６）ｈ,药时曲线下面积ＡＵＣ分别为（１６．１６±３．４６）ｍ ｇ／Ｌ·ｈ 和（１６．２１±２．８２）ｍ ｇ／Ｌ·ｈ。两组参数差别均无统计学意义（Ｐ＞０．０５）。国产盐酸丁咯地尔片剂与进口活脑灵片剂相比,相对生物利用度为（１００．７±１９．１）％ ,两种片剂为生物等效制剂     

5—单硝酸异山梨酯缓释片的生物利用度研究

对５－单硝酸异山梨酯缓释片（ＳＲ）和普通片（ＩＲ）进行人体生物利用度比较，１０名健康男性志愿者随机交叉口服单剂量两种剂型后，利用气相色谱测得血药浓度。ＳＲ和ＩＲ的ＡＵＣ分别为３４３７．２±５６８．８ｎｇ／ｍｌ·ｈ和３８１０．８±８２２．７ｎｇ／ｍｌ·ｈ，ＭＲＴ分别为１５．７±１．０ｈ和９．４±１．５ｈ。ＳＲ的相对生物利用度为（９１．４±９．８）％。１０名受试者多剂量服用５－单硝酸异山梨酯ＳＲ和ＩＲ后，稳态时Ｃｍｉｎ分别为１６６．５±４７．９ｎｇ／ｍｌ和２３２．０±５５．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ，Ｃｍａｘ分别为６５０．１±１１８．５ｎｇ／ｍｌ和６２５．８±１２６．８ｎｇ／ｍｌ，两种制剂血药浓度的波动系数ＦＩ分别为１．１８±０．１８和０．９２±０．１６。经配对ｔ检验，两种制剂具有生物等效性。     

人体内卡托普利的药物动力学及其生物利用度

１０名健康志愿者随机交叉口服单剂量３０ｍｇ两种国产卡托普利片后，用对溴苯乙酰基溴（ｐ－ＢＰＢ）作为化学稳定剂以及衍生化试剂，采用ＨＰＬＣ法测得血浆中药物浓度达峰时间分别在０．５７±０．１２ｈ（样品）和０．５６±０．１７ｈ（对照品），峰值（Ｃｍａｘ）分别为２８９．２±１０１．３和２６６．５±８３．８ｎｇ／ｍｌ，药时曲线下面积（ＡＵＣ０－∞）分别为３９３．８±６３．７（样品）和３８３．０±４９．４ｎｇ·ｈ／ｍｌ（对照品）。血药浓度－时间曲线符合一级吸收的二房室模型。以常州制药厂复方卡托普利片为标准算得汕头金石制药总厂复方卡托普利片中卡托普利的相对生物利用度（Ｆ）为１０２．８±１．２９。     

硫酸沙丁胺醇缓释片的制备及其在健康人体内的药动学研究

制备了硫酸沙丁胺醇骨架型缓释片（８ｍｇ／片），以释放度为指标筛选出了适宜处方，并对该处方缓释片与市售普通片对照进行了健康人体单剂量及多剂量随机交叉给药药动学研究。用高效液相荧光色谱法测定了血浆中的药物浓度。缓释片的药动学参数Ｔｍａｘ，Ｃｍａｘ，ＡＵＣ０→∞及ＰＴＦ（波动分数）分别为（４．６±０．８）ｈ，（７．９±１．４）ｎｇ／ｍｌ，（１２１．１±１２．３）ｈ·ｎｇ／ｍｌ及０．９３±０．２６，而普通片的相应药动学参数则分别为（１．４±０．４）ｈ，（１５．１±２．４）ｎｇ／ｍｌ，（１０３．３±８．７）ｈ·ｎｇ／ｍｌ及１．３１±０．２７。经双单侧检验两制剂ＡＵＣ０→∞无显著性差异，而ＰＴＦ则有显著性差异。缓释片相对于普通片的生物利用度为１０６．０％。缓释片具有给药次数少（一日二次）、给药后血药浓度波动较小的特点。     

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸含量及药动学研究

目的：建立高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中大黄酸的含量，研究大黄酸在正常人体内的药物动力学。方法：色谱柱为ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８５μ，２５０ｍｍ×４．６ｍｍ；流动相为甲醇－水－冰乙酸（８０∶２０∶０．５，ｐＨ３．７），紫外λ／ｎｍ２５４ｎｍ检测。用３Ｐ８７程序计算６名健康志愿者口服１００ｍｇ大黄酸后的药动学参数。结果：血药浓度在０．１～１０．０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内线性关系良好，其相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９４，最小检测浓度３０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。回收率＞９１．８％；日内、日间相对标准偏差（ＲＳＤ）分别＜８．４％、１０．３％（ｎ＝５）。主要药动学参数为ｔ１／２＝４．０８±０．５３ｈ，ｔｍａｘ＝２．２４±０．６３ｈ，Ｃｍａｘ＝１１．８５±５．０３μｇ／ｍｌ，ＡＵＣ０→∞＝９３．４±４３．５μｇ／（ｈ·ｍｌ）。结论：该方法简单、灵敏，并为大黄酸的进一步研究开发创造了条件     

甲状腺功能亢进症的骨代谢和骨密度改变

目的　研究甲亢病人的钙磷代谢、骨代谢和骨密度改变及机理。方法　对３８ 例甲亢病人治疗前后用单能 Ｃ Ｔ（ Ｓ Ｅ Ｑ Ｃ Ｔ） 测定骨密度（ Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ） 变化,用双抗体法测定血Ⅰ型胶原羧基端前肽（ Ｃ Ｉ Ｃ Ｐ） ,骨钙素（ Ｂ Ｇ Ｐ） 和尿脱氧吡啶酚（ Ｄ Ｐ Ｄ） 排泄率的变化。结果　治疗前 Ｂ Ｍ Ｄ 明显降低［ 男（１２０±８） ｍｇ／ｃｍ ３ Ｈ Ａ,女（１１４ ±７ ．２） ｍ ｇ／ｃｍ ３ Ｈ Ａ］ 治疗后都恢复正常。血 Ｂ Ｇ Ｐ 男性从（１５ ．２ ±７ ．９）μｇ／ Ｌ 下降到（７ ．５ ±２ ．８）μｇ／ Ｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,女性从（１６ ．４ ±７ ．１）μｇ／ Ｌ 下降到（６ ．８ ±２ ．１） μｇ／ Ｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） 。血 Ｃ Ｉ Ｃ Ｐ 男性从（１８５ ±２３ ．５）ｎｇ／ ｍｌ 下降到（７０ ±１０ ．４）ｎｇ／ ｍｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） ,女性从（１６４ ±１６ ．２）ｎｇ／ ｍｌ 下降到（６９ ±９ ．２）ｎｇ／ ｍｌ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０５） 。尿 Ｄ． Ｐ． Ｄ 男性从（１３ ．７ ±２ ．５）ｎ Ｍ／ ｍ Ｍ 下降到（３ ．４ ±１ ．０） ｎ Ｍ／ ｍ Ｍ（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ,女性从（１４ ．６ ±２ ．３）ｎ Ｍ／ ｍ Ｍ 下降到（４ ．５ ±１ ．２     

秋水仙胺的浓度和处理时间对白血病患者骨髓细胞分裂指数的影响

目的：探讨秋水仙胺的浓度和处理时间对初诊未治和治疗后缓解的白血病患者骨髓细胞有丝分裂指数（ Ｍ Ｉ） 的影响。方法：采用浓度为１０μｇ／ｍｌ 和０ ．１μｇ／ ｍｌ 的秋水仙胺对１７ 例各类白血病（ 初诊未治１２ 例、复发１ 例、完全缓解（ Ｃ Ｒ）４ 例） 的骨髓细胞分别处理１２ｈ 和２４ｈ ,计算其 Ｍ Ｉ,并与常规方法（０ ．０５μｇ／ ｍｌ×１ｈ） 比较。结果：白血病初诊未治和 Ｃ Ｒ 的骨髓标本采用１０μｇ／ ｍｌ 的秋水仙胺处理１２ｈ 组和用０ ．１μｇ／ｍｌ 处理１２ｈ 组,其平均 Ｍ Ｉ均比０ ．０５μｇ／ ｍｌ×１ｈ 组明显增高（ Ｐ＜ ０ ．０１） ,而１０μｇ／ ｍｌ 或０ ．１μｇ／ｍｌ ×２４ｈ 组则分别导致１４／１７ 例和７／１７例的 Ｍ Ｉ为零。结论：高浓度（１０μｇ／ｍｌ） 或常规浓度（０ ．１μｇ／ ｍｌ） 的秋水仙胺处理１２ｈ 是使白血病患者特别是髓细胞白血病患者,无论是初诊未治还是治疗后 Ｃ Ｒ 的病例,获得高骨髓细胞 Ｍ Ｉ的有效方法。     

盐酸洛美沙星胶囊药代动力学研究

９名健康者口服盐酸洛美沙星胶囊４００ｍｇ皇，用高效液相色谱法测定其血，尿中药物浓度，并研究其药代动力学特征。结果表明，其体内过程符合一级动力学一室开放模型。血药峰浓度为２．３２±０．４７μｇ／ｍｌ，达峰时间为３．２０±１．１９ｈ，消除半衰期为６．１８±１．０９ｈ，ＡＵＣ为２７．９６±５．３５μｇ／ｍｌ．ｈ，消除半衰期为６．１８±１．０９ｈ，ＡＵＣ为２７．９６±５．３５μｇ／ｍｌ．ｈ，３６ｈ尿药总排泄率为５６．０５％。表明该药血与尿中可达有效抗菌浓度。     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

Development on Adjustable Calibration Marker for Shock Wave Focus

Shock wave lithotripsy （SWL） is a treatment of choice for upper urinary stones. However, this procedure is inappropriate for obese patients because the focus is often unable to reach the target owing to the limited focal distance in shock wave source. Although treating such patients in a blast path may increase the application length of shock wave source, it＇s difficult to find this path on the lithotripter monitor. For this reason, we invented an adjustable calibration marker in order to set an effective focus in the shock wave hath.     

Study on the TCM Pathogenesis of Angiopathic Complications of Type II Diabetes

Excess production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)of mitochondrion mediated by hyperglycemia is the common pathogenesis of angiopathic complications of diabetes.TCM holds that the damp from the dysfunction of spleen.kidney and liver is the causative factor of complications of diabetes.This is similar to the mechanism of Ros resulting in angiopathic complications of diabetes.When the angiopathic complications of type II diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are difierentiated as caused by turbid damp in TCM can be explained as ROS.Since the obstruction of pathogenic damp in channels and collaterals is said to be the main pathogenesis,the treating principle should be dissolving the damp to remove the obstruction.     

Leptin, Ghrelin and TNF-α before and after Hypo-caloric Traditional Chinese Diet and Auricular Acupuncture

INTRODUCTION Obesity is a complex emergent problem, which can be possibly solved not only by the diet but also by the life style and promotion of a constant physical exercise. 1, 2 No doubt careful attentions must be given to the nutritional condition of obese people, the dietary habits, the somatic build (i.e. distribution of fat mass) and the organic functions linked to formation of the fat mass. All the parameters should be constantly monitored before, during and after a diet treatment. 3, 4, 5     

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing.Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years.Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teenagers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8±5.2 mmHg, P＜ 0.01; 12.2%± 12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P＜ 0.001,respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ± 6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ± 6.4 mmHg, P = 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8%± 10.1%, P = 0.053, respectively).Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.     

Relationship between Dysglycemia and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Tibetan Population

People with dysglycemia are at high risk for atherosclerotic diseases. This study aims at investigating the atherosclerotic vascular damage in dysglycemia and its metabolic origin in Tibetan population.     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.