两段式溶剂精制法回收废润滑油的工艺研究

以糠醛为溶剂，采用两段式串流溶剂精制工艺，对废润滑油进行精制回收研究。在总剂油比1．0、精制温度70℃的最佳工艺条件下，回收的润滑油的粘度指数为104．61、折光率为1．4594、色度为1．0，达到了润滑油基础油的HVI标准，加入适当添加剂后可作为成品油使用。     

含硫渣油脱油沥青的利用

叙述了重溶剂脱沥青的副产品沥青的各种利用途径，介绍了重溶剂脱沥青工艺，后续工艺可提供大量容易转化的脱沥青油。提出了发展重溶剂脱沥青必须解决脱油沥青的利用问题。     

萃取精馏回收环己烷的双组分溶剂的研究

在研究萃取精馏分离回收环己烷的单溶剂的基础上，研究了双组分溶剂。当剂油比为7:1时，环己醇和四甘醇双组分溶剂可以将正庚烷对环己烷的相对挥发度由单溶剂时的小于1提高到1．11；将2，3—二甲基戊烷对环己烷的相对挥发度由单溶剂时的小于1．07提高到1．21。用该溶剂在小型萃取精馏实验装置上运行，结果表明，环己烷的纯度为98．5％，收率为80％。     

胜利原油减一线油溶剂抽提分离石油酸

采用复合溶剂抽提分离胜利原油减一线油中的石油酸，经优选表明，复合溶剂的最佳配比为：活性组分A含量为1％—3％，60％乙醇含量为97％—99％；抽提的最佳剂油比为0.15。经复合溶剂抽提，可脱除减一线油中80％以上的石油酸，减一线精制油收率达99.3％，石油酸收率达0．62％，粗酸值为157mgKOH/g，复合溶剂可回收重复利用，回收率98.9％。采用该工艺每处理lt减一线油，可实现增值约10RMB￥。     

防焦剂CTP新工艺的研究

采用一种新溶剂取代传统ＣＴＰ生产工艺中所使用的汽油、煤油、甲苯三种溶剂．该工艺缩短了生产周期，节省了设备，简化了操作。     

延迟焦化-溶剂精制-加氢裂化组合工艺的工业试验

介绍了中国石油天然气股份有限公司辽阳石化分公司炼油厂延迟焦化．溶剂精制．加氢裂化组合工艺的工业试验情况。焦化蜡油经溶剂精制后。饱和烃含量提高10个百分点左右，氮含量明显降低。当加氢裂化装置进料中掺入19．29％的焦化蜡油抽余油后，液体收率增加了0．86个百分点。柴油和尾油的性质得到进一步改善，而石脑油的芳烃潜含量由掺入前的53．5％降低到51．4％。该组合工艺可为企业带来明显的经济效益。     

急冷油溶剂抽提技术优化及模拟研究

介绍了超临界溶剂抽提技术在急冷油减黏中的应用，并对溶剂选择和萃取设备进行了优化；针对超临界抽提技术压力和温度高的特点，提出了一种用于急冷油减黏的亚临界溶剂汽提-萃取组合工艺，采用VMGSim流程模拟软件对该工艺进行了模拟计算。与超临界溶剂抽提技术相比，亚临界溶剂汽提-萃取组合工艺的条件较为温和，纯度达到99.9%(w)的溶剂的回收率可达98%，具有较广阔的应用前景，对优化急冷油系统操作、保证急冷油塔长周期运行具有指导意义。     

高酸原油溶剂脱酸工艺研究

文章介绍了采用一种复合溶剂分离及回收高酸原油中环烷酸的工艺技术。实验考察了溶剂组成、反应时间、反应温度、剂油比对原油脱酸效果的影响。试验结果表明,在该脱酸工艺条件下,高酸原油的脱酸率在80％以上,酸值降到0．5mgKOH／g;另外脱酸溶剂经回收可循环使用,并得到环烷酸副产品。     

DACC工艺优化溶剂脱沥青原料作用的研究——溶剂脱沥青、沥青造气制氨、催化裂化组合工艺研究之二

根据实验数据，研究“溶剂脱沥青-沥青制氨-催化裂化组合”工艺掺兑催化裂化油浆提高脱沥青抽提深度的作用，指出掺兑油浆可改善脱油沥青的流动性能、可利用油浆中的可裂化组分、存在有利于改善脱沥青油性质的掺兑效应；管输减渣掺兑20%油浆适宜的脱沥青油收率可达60%．比管输减渣脱沥青提高10个百分点，效益显著．以阿曼减渣为例．分析优化溶剂脱沥青减渣原料的作用，指出阿曼减渣脱沥青。比管输减渣可提高脱沥青油收率10～15个百分点，并指出对不同减渣原料，混炼与单炼效果可能不同。     

催化加氢-溶剂抽提联合工艺制备高CA值环保型橡胶填充油

以绥中36—1环烷基原油减二线馏分油为原料,采用催化加氢-溶剂抽提联合工艺制备环保型橡胶填充油。通过催化加氢工艺饱和大部分的多环芳烃,加氢油经一次糠醛抽提除去饱和的链烷烃和环烷烃后再经二次糠醛抽提除去多环芳烃,制备出CA值为18．59％的高芳碳环保型橡胶填充油。结果表明,该联合工艺制备的橡胶填充油与单纯溶剂抽提丁艺所得产品相比具有芳碳含量高、闪点高等优点。将该方法制备的环保型橡胶填充油与国内外典型环保型橡胶填充油对比发现,该产品有良好的应用性能。     

UPGRADING OF SUGAR CANE BAGASSE BY THERMAL PROCESSES. 6. SIMULATED DISTILLATION OF OILS OBTAINED FROM COAL CO-PROCESSING WITH SUGAR CANE BAGASSE OIL

In this paper simulated distillation employing HRGC (high resolution gas chromatography) was used to evaluate the quality of the oils obtained from coal co-processing using sugar cane bagasse oil as the process solvent. Four coal samples were used, two of them corresponding to Brazilian coals, one to an American coal and one to a Polish coal. The results shows that the oil produced through co-processing with sugarcane bagasse oil presents characteristics of lighter oils than those obtained by direct liquefaction of coal with monoethanolamine as solvent.     

润滑油基础油新系列标准的制订及产品研制

为适应高质量润滑油产品生产的需要，制订了润滑油基础油新系列标准。新系列标准依原油性质和基础油粘度指数分为５类。根据新标准的要求，研究了降低润滑油基础油蒸发损失，提高其氧化安定性的措施，开发了一些如临氢吸附精制工艺和溶剂脱蜡一催化降凝组合工艺等新的基础油生产技术。     

生产润滑油基础油溶剂精制工艺条件的研究

当今原油价格居高不下,炼好每吨油使工业生产效益最大化,是各石化企业的艰巨任务.文章旨在利用实验室润滑油溶剂精制评价方法,通过溶剂精制和白土补充精制对西江和尼尔(混合比为1∶ 1)减三线、减四线脱蜡油生产HVI基础油进行实验室的最优条件评选,为工业生产和改造提供必要的基础数据.本研究采用间歇模拟法[1]作为润滑油溶剂精制方法,选用油品族组成、油品理化性能等质量数据确定糠醛精制装置理论级数为三级;实验数据也表明用三级逆流萃取实验可以模拟生产中的糠醛精制过程.     

用乙烷作为岩屑荧光录井替代试剂的探讨

Cuttingsfluorologgingisasimple,straightforward,practicalandeffectivemethodwhichiswidelyusedinoilexplorationtopreliminarilylocatethepayzone.ItisofparamountimportancelnguidingexpIorationoperationtocorrectlydeterminewhetherthecuttingsisfluorescentandthegradi…     

UPGRADING OF SUGAR CANE BAGASSE BY THERMAL PROCESSES. 6. SIMULATED DISTILLATION OF OILS OBTAINED FROM COAL CO-PROCESSING WITH SUGAR CANE BAGASSE OIL

Abstract

In this paper simulated distillation employing HRGC (high resolution gas chromatography) was used to evaluate the quality of the oils obtained from coal co-processing using sugar cane bagasse oil as the process solvent. Four coal samples were used, two of them corresponding to Brazilian coals, one to an American coal and one to a Polish coal. The results shows that the oil produced through co-processing with sugarcane bagasse oil presents characteristics of lighter oils than those obtained by direct liquefaction of coal with monoethanolamine as solvent.     

LIQUEFACTION AND THE CHARACTERIZATION OF COAL DERIVED LIQUIDS OF MENGEN LIGNITE

ABSTRACT

The liquefaction characteristics of Mengen lignite has been investigated in the presence of cobalt-molybdenum on alumina catalyst in a 1 lt batch autoclave system with anthracene oil used as solvent. The experiments were carried out in the range of 15–60 atm for initial hydrogen pressure, 360–440°C for reaction temperature, 1–5 for solvent to coal ratio and 0–20% of coal for catalyst loading which were chosen as process variables. Coal particle size and reaction time were kept constant as below 200 mesh and 30 minutes respectively, (Erdem 1987)

The product was analyzed in terms of total conversion, liquid yield and liquid product distribution determined as preasphaltenes, asphaltenes and oils. The oil fraction was further separated by column chromatography while the asphaltenes were separated into basic and acid/neutral fractions. The preasphaltenes were divided into two fractions as carbene (CS₂ solubles) and carboid (CS₂ insolubles). (Inanç 1989)

The oil yield is mostly affected by the catalyst loading which shows to a certain extent that the conversion of asphaltenes to oils is a catalytic step. The selected process variables showed a positive trend with respect to the yield of hexane eluted oil which is the desired product of liquefaction.     

高倾点富芳烃原料生产环保橡胶填充油的技术开发

根据高倾点富芳烃含量溶剂精制抽出油的组成特点和性质,以及其中高凝点组分的分子结构特点,开发出具有自主知识产权的添加脱蜡助剂抽出油溶剂脱蜡技术,该技术可以有效提高抽出油溶剂脱蜡的过滤速度和滤布蜡饼厚度,使得溶剂脱蜡装置可以连续加工抽出油。抽出油脱除高凝点组分后的脱蜡油经环保芳烃油溶剂抽提制备出环保型芳烃橡胶填充油,填充油中多环芳烃含量、苯并(a)芘含量和苯并(a)芘等八种稠环芳烃总含量均满足欧盟2005/69/EC指令中环保指标要求,该填充油的橡胶充油过程良好,没有游离的油珠,充油胶性能均满足SBR1723橡胶优级品的质量要求。     

生产润滑油基础油的原油优化选择

各炼厂采用不同的生产工艺对不同的原油进行加工生产基础油,得到的基础油产品性能存在一定的差异。文章将说明原油对基础油产品性能的影响,以及在采用不同生产工艺时原油对基础油产生的影响。溶剂精制工艺生产的基础油受原油性质影响较大,原油的选择尤为重要,VGO馏分为强石蜡基特性的原油更适合生产基础油产品。加氢及异构化等工艺受到原油限制小,对原油进行适当优化能显著提高炼厂的经济效益。     

Sulfur removal from crude oil using supercritical water

Desulfurization of crude oil using supercritical water (SCW) is one of the promising nonconventional processes for upgrading oil. SCW is an excellent solvent for high molecular weight organic compounds in crude oils. Low sulfur content of crude oil is particularly preferred. Water is one of the most commonly used supercritical fluids suitable as a substitute for organic solvents in a range of industrial processes. Supercritical fluid treatment depends on various parameters such as pressure, temperature, extraction time, solvent type, and chemical composition of the extracted material. SCW desulfurization has potential as a technique for removing sulfur from feedstocks such as heavy oil and bitumen. SCW upgrading of crude oils reduces sulfur content and decreases average molecular weight. Catalytic desulfurization of residual oil has been carried out through partial oxidation in supercritical water and thus 60% of the sulfur was removed.