大直径单晶铜棒材的连续定向凝固制备

采用自制真空熔炼、氩气保护连续定向凝固设备成功制备出了大直径单晶纯铜棒材,研究了工艺参数对大直径连续定向凝固纯铜棒材凝固组织与表面质量的影响,分析测试了连续定向凝固大直径纯铜棒材的力学性能和电学性能.结果表明:在熔体温度1150～1180℃、结晶器出口温度750℃、冷却水量900L.h-1、冷却距离50mm以及拉坯速度9mm.min-1时,可连续稳定地制备直径为16mm的表面光亮的单晶纯铜棒材.其抗拉强度128.52MPa,延伸率76.7%,导电率105.2%IACS,具有优良的力学性能和电学性能.     

防止深孔钻机钻进时冲击器堵塞的一种有效方法

我矿采用??A-100深孔钻机钻凿垂直向下炮孔,当孔深超过四～五米再往下延伸时,冲击器容易发生岩粉堵塞故障,被压停机,不能继续作业.针对这种情况,为防止故障的产生,我们采取了以下的处理方法: 当向下孔钻凿到2～3米深后,取出钻杆将孔口碎岩块清除干净,用一根长0.7～0.8米的6英寸风管,自孔口中心插入炮孔中,风管口高出底板0.2～0.4米,同时,周围用细碴填平(岩石特别破碎时需用混凝     

钛铁矿常压微波消解溶样方法研究

由于钛铁矿稳定的结构特点,在分析其组分含量时,溶样成为分析方法中较难的一个环节。本实验根据X-射线衍射仪分析钛铁矿组成和结构的结果,利用钛铁矿显著吸收微波的介电特性,使用改装后的800 W家用微波炉,在常压下选择中低火加热温度(160℃左右),分别用磷酸和磷硫混酸在微波辐照下消解粒度小于0.125 mm的矿样,可快速将矿样消解完全。与传统方法比较,该法具有简便、快速、低耗等优点,可应用于大批量样品分析。     

莱钢烧结机头尾密封装置的改造

分析了烧结机机头、机尾杠杆式密封装置存在的缺陷,介绍了自调式柔性密封的结构和特点 .莱钢烧结厂采用新型密封装置后,效果明显,漏风率显著降低,利用系数提高,获得了良好的经济效益.     

首秦150 m2烧结机扩容改造及应用效果

为了扩大烧结产能,提高烧结矿质量,首秦炼铁部对1号烧结机台车采取了整体加宽加高改造,使烧结机面积由原来的150 m2增加到160 m2,栏板高度由原来的650 mm增加到700mm;同时采用新型布料方式,改进点火器,改善密封装置,单机产质量有了较大提高,取得了明显效果.     

烧结机头尾端部密封技术改进与应用

针对烧结机头尾端部漏风严重的问题,分析了传统带灰箱的分块式刚性密封装置的漏风原因与改进途径,并基于差压吸附密封的原理,提出采用负压吸附式端部密封技术来降低烧结机的漏风率。在此基础上,将负压吸附式端部密封结构中的重锤配重改成弹簧结构,降低了投资与运行维护成本;将吸附式密封改成机械与吸附式双重密封,进一步提高了密封效果,降低了漏风量。     

大型底吹炉气含率的数值模拟

利用数值模拟的方法,以大型底吹炉的气含率为参考指标,对气流入口速度、氧枪直径和熔池深度进行研究.结果表明：随着入口速度的降低,气含率的波动范围逐渐缩小;随着入口速度的增加,气含率逐渐增大,当入口速度超过270 m/s时,气含率增加幅度变小;气含率在较大的氧枪直径下波动范围更大,当直径达到60 mm时,瞬时气含率最大值可达6%;熔池深度在1.7～1.9 m处的气含率最大值均超过了4%,随后气含率逐渐减小,在熔池深度2.1 m处达到最小值,之后随着熔池深度的增加而逐渐增大.综合考虑,工艺参数优化区间为入口速度260～270 m/s,氧枪直径55～60 mm,熔池深度2.3～2.5 m.     

振动散式床氧化铬余热回收装置操作参数影响因素分析

根据新设计的一种振动散式床氧化铬余热回收装置,建立了高温粉料与冷却气体之间气固传热的数学模型,采用UDF自编程定义振动条件并模拟其气固传热过程,定量分析了床层高度、冷却气体表观流速、振动振幅和振动频率等操作参数对余热回收的质与量的影响规律。结果表明:随着床层高度的增大,颗粒在振动散式床中的运动速度降低,空气出口温度升高;冷却空气对颗粒的曳力作用效果只有床层高度较小时才明显;振动振幅的增大促进了气固间的换热,使得空气出口温度增大。在床层高度20 mm,冷却气体表观流速22.7 m/s,振动频率4.48 Hz,振幅15 mm的操作参数下,当氧化铬原料温度为920 K时,冷却空气的出口温度可达到500 K左右,余热回收率可达66.45%。     

φ450 mm水平轧机轴承密封结构的改进

为了防止氧化铁皮和冷却水进入轧机轴承,对高线轧机粗轧机组φ450 mm水平轧机轴承密封结构进行了改进.改进后轧辊承密封结构采用2种密封组合,即径向间隙迷宫密封和骨架油封,提高了密封效果,使轧机事故减少,成本降低,经济效益显著.     

230mm板坯连铸结晶器浸入式水口结构的优化

采用几何相似比1:2水模型研究了230 mm×1 250 mm板坯结晶器原浸入式水口(下孔直径78 mm,侧孔长轴80 mm,短轴66 mm)和缩小孔面积的优化水口(下孔直径65 mm,侧孔长轴75 mm,短轴60 mm)结晶器液面波动、冲击深度,流场分布和保护渣覆盖情况。结果表明,同种工况下,优化水口下液面波动更活跃,液渣层相对均匀,即减小水口侧孔面积,能提高流股出口速度,有利于保护渣熔化;钢厂生产DP600钢230 mm×1 250 mm铸坯测定结晶器内液渣层的厚度表明,当水口浸入深度130 mm,通钢量2.8 t/min时,使用原有水口时液面不太活跃,液渣层厚度差为12~13 mm,使用优化水口时,液面较活跃,液渣层厚度差为3~5 mm。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Comparison of the results of surgical and conservative treatment of fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia

In this paper is treated the fundamental problematic of the fracture of the diaphysis of the tibia and the therapeutic results after the conservative and operative treatment are confronted. Among 518 patients with 433 open fractures and 35 with closed fractures of the diaphysis of the tibia, successful treatment of more 2/3 was obtained in the period from 1968 to 1972. Following our casuistics and literature, whose results are similar, we find out that the average total treatment of the osteosynthesis of the fracture of the diaphysis was shortened for 2,5 months depending upon the type and the localisation of the fracture. Apolied methods of the operative and conservative and conservative treatment in relation to the velocity of the medical cure as well as to the extreme anatomical-functional results are analised. We noticed that osteosynthesis, made by the intermedullary nail and the extension of the canals or by a small AO table, by the achieved stability makes conditions of immediate motions and an early rehabilitation. Because of that it gives the best functional results.     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

参与式农业基地建设行动方案设计

为了编制实用性强的基地建设行动方案,首先,确定参与式发展的主体,搭建一个"决策框架";其次,针对行动目标,提出不同参与主体,如管理者、农民、消费者等团队与个人的目标及行动内容;最后,工作应向重塑伙伴式合作关系,挖掘农民自我发展潜力,完成三大角色的转换,打造农业基地文化等方向推进.