快速凝固高阻尼Al—Zn—Mg—Cu系合金的研究

本文研究了利用快速凝固粉末冶金工艺制备高阻尼Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｍｇ－Ｃｕ系合金。通过拉伸性能与阻尼性能的测试，以及显微组织分析，探讨了纯铝及石墨对合金拉伸性能及阻尼性能的影响。结果表明：Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｍｇ－Ｃｕ／１５ｗｔ％Ａｌ合金的室温拉伸性能已达到ＬＣ９ＣＧＳ１的水平，阻尼性能为Ｑ＝６．０×１０＾－３；在室温至３００℃温度范围内，随着温度的升高，合金的阻尼能力提高；合金的阻尼机制属复合型机制。     

快速凝固高阻尼Al－Zn－Mg－Cu系合会的研究

本文研究了利用快速凝固粉末冶金工艺制备高阻尼Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｍｇ－Ｃｕ系合金。通过拉伸性能与阻尼性能的测试，以及显微组织分析，探讨了纯铝及石墨对合金拉伸性能及阻尼性能的影响。结果表明：Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｍｇ－Ｃｕ／１５ｗｔ％Ａｌ合金的室温拉伸性能已达到ＬＣ９ＣＧＳＩ的水平，阻尼性能为Ｑ＝６．０×１０￣３；在室温至３００℃温度范围内，随着温度的升高，合金的阻尼能力提高；合金的阻尼机制属复合型机制。     

Mg—Li合金力学性能及拉伸断裂特点

研究了Ｍｇ－Ｌｉ二元合金在两相区附近不同Ｌｉ含量时合金密度和力学性能变化，并对添加Ａｇ和稀土元素的Ｍｇ－７Ｌｉ－１４Ｚｎ正交最优合金在ｉ和Ａｇ一时力学性能变化进行了观察。     

RE—Al—Zn—Mg合金超塑变形中位错密度及位错组态的变化

本文用Ｘ射线线形分析方法系统研究了几种含稀土和不含稀土的Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｍｇ合金超塑变形中位错密度和位错组态的变化，讨论了动态再结晶、空洞的形核与长大对位错密度和位错组态的影响，分析了含稀土的Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｍｇ合金超塑性提高的原因。     

牺牲阳极合金在海水中的接触腐蚀行为

研究了作为牺牲阳极材料的Ｚｎ－Ａｌ－Ｃｄ,Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｉｎ－Ｓｉ－Ｍｎ和Ｍｇ－Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｍｇ合金在海水中与Ａ３钢等异种金属偶接时,偶对阴极金属材料和阴阳极面积比Ａｃ／Ａｎ不同,以及偶接时间和溶液湿度等对三种合金阳极电偶电流密度ｊｇ的影响。     

微量镁对Al-Zn-In合金牺牲阳极显微组织的影响

熔炼了４种不同镁含量的Ａｌ－Ｚｎ－Ｉｎ－Ｓｎ－Ｍｇ－ＲＥ合金,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）和能谱分析技术,考察了合金的晶粒尺寸、第二相数量及主要偏析相形貌及成分。结果显示,铝阳极偏析相有晶内和晶界两类;杂质Ｓｉ、Ｆｅ对铝极的组织有影响;镁含量高时,晶界偏析相中出现含镁的化合物。     

新型双相铸造不锈钢的组织与耐蚀性能

设计了用于“Ｈ＿２ＳＯ＿４为１１０．５ｇ／Ｌ，Ｎａ＿２ＳＯ＿４为３８７ｇ／Ｌ，ＺｎＳＯ＿４为１４．４ｇ／Ｌ，密度为１．３５ｇ／ｃｍ￣３，温度为５０℃”工况介质的新型铸造不锈钢的金相组织与化学成分。采用金相显微镜和Ｘ－射线衍射的方法分析了钢的金相组织，并对该钢的耐腐蚀性做了研究，同时与性能优良的９０４和ＣＤ４ＭＣｕ钢进行了对比。试验结果表明ＫＳ－２试验钢经１１００℃固溶处理后的耐腐蚀性能明显优于对比合金９０４和ＣＤ４ＭＣｕ钢，具有广阔的应用前景。     

ZnO—MgO—Al2O3陶瓷性能研究

ＺｎＯ－ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷是一种复合烧结体，其主晶相为ＺｎＯ与ＺｎＡｌ２Ｏ４，且均以晶粒存在。ＭｇＯ能调节电阻温度系数，使之由负变为正。Ａｌ２Ｏ３能调节电阻率。慢的降温速度能提高线性及耐浪涌能量，降低电阻温度系数。     

一种新型稀土贮氢合金MINi4.7AIo.3的贮氢性能

研究了新型稀土合金ＭｌＮｉ４－７Ａｌ０．３的ＰＣＴ性能、动力学特性,活化性能、循环性能、抗Ｏ２毒化性能,并与ＬａＮｉ５合金进行了比较,结果表明,ＭｌＮｉ４．７Ａｌ０．３活化性能、循环稳定性、抗Ｏ３毒化性能均优于ＬａＮｉ５,是一种具有应用前景的稀土贮氢合金。     

ZnO－MgO－Al_2O_3陶瓷性能研究

ＺｎＯ－ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷是一种复合烧结体，其主晶相为ＺｎＯ与ＺｎＡｌ２Ｏ４，且均以晶粒存在．ＭｇＯ能调节电阻温度系数，使之由负变为正．Ａｌ２Ｏ３能调节电阻率．慢的降温速度能提高线性及耐浪涌能量，降低电阻温度系数．     

铝(镁)合金消失模铸造近净成形技术研究进展

阐述了铝(镁)合金消失模铸造技术的研究现状,着重介绍了铝(镁)合金消失模铸造在金属液充型、振动凝固、压力凝固以及消失模壳型铸造等技术方面的最新研究进展。研究表明,铝(镁)合金在消失模铸造过程中,需重点解决针孔、缩松等缺陷,提高液态合金的充型能力和铸件的力学性能;通过采用振动凝固和压力凝固的手段,可以提高金属液充型能力、细化组织、提高组织致密性,明显提高铸件力学性能。真空低压消失模壳型铸造技术,可以解决普通消失模铸造易于出现的孔洞和夹杂等缺陷以及浇不足和浇注温度高等问题,是一种生产复杂薄壁高质量铝、镁合金精密铸件的新方法。     

Microstructure,mechanical and corrosion properties of Mg–Nd–Zn–Sr–Zr alloy as a biodegradable material

Abstract

The Mg–2·5Nd–0·3Zn–0·1Sr–0·4Zr (wt-%) alloy was prepared by gravity casting. Solution treatment and extrusion were conducted. The microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion behaviour of the alloy under as cast, T4-treated, and as extruded conditions were evaluated using scanning electron microscope, tensile test, microhardometre, immersion test, and electrochemical test. The results show that the as extruded alloy exhibits the highest ultimate tensile strength (231 MPa), elongation (36·6%), and microhardness (57·8 HV). The as cast alloy shows the best corrosion resistance because the relative continuously distributed eutectic phase with noble corrosion potential acts as a corrosion barrier. The as extruded Mg–Nd–Zn–Sr–Zr alloy with high ductility and good corrosion resistance is desirable for preparing biodegradable implants.     

Effects of processing parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of squeeze-cast Mg–12Zn–4Al–0.5Ca alloy

In this paper, a new magnesium alloy Mg–12Zn–4Al–0.5Ca (ZAX12405) was prepared by squeeze casting. The effects of processing parameters including applied pressure, pouring temperature and dwell time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of squeeze-cast ZAX12405 alloy were investigated. It was found that squeeze-cast ZAX12405 alloy exhibited finer microstructure and much better mechanical properties than gravity casting alloy. Increasing the applied pressure led to significant cast densification and a certain extent of grain refinement in the microstructure, along with obvious promotion in mechanical properties. Lowering the pouring temperature refined the microstructure of ZAX12405 alloy, but deteriorated the cast densification, resulting in that the mechanical properties firstly increased and then decreased. Increasing the dwell time promoted cast densification and mechanical properties just before the solidification process ended. A combination of highest applied pressure (120 MPa), medium pouring temperature (650 °C) and dwell time (30 s) brought the highest mechanical properties, under which the ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield strength (YS) and elongation to failure (E_f) of the alloy reached 211 MPa, 113 MPa and 5.2% at room temperature. Comparing with the gravity casting ZAX12405 alloy, the UTS and E_f increased 40% and 300%, respectively. For squeeze-cast Mg–12Zn–4Al–0.5Ca alloy, cast densification was considered more important than microstructure refinement for the promotion of mechanical properties.     

Indirectly extruded biodegradable Zn-0.05wt%Mg alloy with improved strength and ductility: In vitro and in vivo studies

As compared to permanent orthopedic implants for load-bearing applications, biodegradable orthopedic implants have the advantage of no need for removing after healing, but they suffer from the "trilemma" problem of compromising among sufficiently high mechanical properties, good biocompatibility and proper degradation rate conforming to the growth rate of new bones. In the present work, in vitro and in vivo studies of a Zn-0.05 wt%Mg alloy(namely, Zn-0.05 Mg alloy) were conducted with pure Zn as a control. The Zn-0.05 Mg alloy is composed of a small amount of Mg_2 Zn11 phase embedded in the refined Zn matrix with an average grain size of ～20 μm. The addition of 0.05 wt% Mg into Zn significantly increases the ultimate tensile strength up to 225 MPa and the elongation to fracture to 26%, but has little influence on the in vitro degradation rate. Both Zn and Zn-0.05 Mg alloy exhibit homogeneous in vitro degradation with a rate of about 0.15 mm/year. Based on the cytotoxicity evaluation, Zn and Zn-0.05 Mg alloy do not induce toxicity to L-929 cells, indicating that they have little toxicity to the general functions of the animal. An in vivo biocompatibility study of Zn and Zn-0.05 Mg alloy samples by placing them in a rabbit model for 4.12 and 24 weeks, respectively did not show any inflammatory cells, and demonstrated that new bone tissue formed at the bone/implant interface, suggesting that Zn and Zn-0.05 Mg alloy promote the formation of new bone tissue. The in vivo degradation of Zn and Zn-0.05 Mg alloy does not bring harm to the important organs and their cell structures. More interestingly, Zn and Zn-0.05 Mg alloy exhibit strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The above results clearly demonstrate that the Zn-0.05 Mg alloy could be a potential biodegradable orthopedic implant material.     

热处理条件对锻造ZK60-Y镁合金力学性能的影响

研究了不同热处理条件下锻造ZK60-Y镁合金微观组织的变化对其力学性能的影响.结果表明,直接进行人工时效的合金具有优越的强度和塑性.XRD分析表明,析出相主要有Mg2Zn3、Mg24Y5、Zn2Zr3和w-Mg3Y2Zn3.Mg2Zn3和w-Mg3Y2Zn3等析出相的尺寸、数量及其在基体中的分布状态对合金的力学性能影响很大.锻造态下大块破碎呈带状分布的Mg3Y2Zn3相及T4和T6态下粗化呈片层状的Mg2Zn3相是合金力学性能降低的主要原因.细小呈带状分布的Mg3Y2Zn3相和细层片状分布的Mg2Zn3相及其在此状态下细小的晶粒使T5态合金具有优越的抗拉强度和塑性.     

搅拌摩擦焊辅助Al/Zn/Mg接头扩散连接

对2mm厚的AZ31B镁合金和6061铝合金平板进行添加夹层Zn的搅拌摩擦诱导扩散连接实验。通过SEM,EPMA,XRD,拉伸实验和维氏硬度测试研究Al/Zn/Mg搭接接头显微组织和力学性能。结果表明:当旋转速率合适时,扩散层存在Al富集区,Al5Mg11Zn4层及Mg-Zn共晶区;而旋转速率较低时,扩散层存在残留的Zn层;旋转速率过大时,扩散层出现Al-Mg系金属间化合物。由于扩散层主要为金属间化合物,其显微硬度明显高于母材。Zn箔的加入提高了Al/Mg搭接接头的力学性能。断口观察分析表明,接头失效发生在靠近Al侧的扩散层上。     

Microhardness,Microstructure and Electrochemical Efficiency of an Al(Zn/xMg) Alloy after Thermal Treatment

The influence of Mg on the microhardness,microstructure and electrochemical efficiency of Al(Zn/xMg) alloys have been investigated.Al(Zn/xMg) alloys were prepared by metal mould casting method to diminish the process cost and to generate an alloy with homogenous microstructure and less casting porosity.Vickers hardness,X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were performed to determine the Mg influence on the AlZn alloy.Electrochemical efficiency was used to relate the influence of Mg with the thermal treatment on the corrosion behavior of the Al(Zn/xMg) alloy.The results reveals the presence of Al 32(MgZn) 49 phase for two events;the first is when the Mg content is above 5.49% in as-cast condition,and the second after the thermal treatment is carried out at 450℃ for 5 h.The results also show that the microhardness and electrochemical efficiency have been influenced by the presence of Al 32(MgZn) 49 phase.The addition of Mg modifies the microstructure,increases the content of Al 32(MgZn) 49 phase and improves the electrochemical efficiency.     

合金成分对Mg-Zn-Y合金准晶形貌和体积分数的影响

利用铁模铸造法制备Zn/Y=6:1(原子比)的Mg-Zn-Y合金,通过XRD,SEM,EDS,TEM和DSC等研究合金成分对Mg-Zn-Y合金相组成、Mg_3Zn_6Y准晶相(准晶Ⅰ相)形貌和体积分数的影响。结果表明:Mg-Zn-Y合金的相组成、准晶Ⅰ相形貌、体积分数及其生成反应与合金成分密切相关。随着合金中Zn和Y元素含量的减少,准晶Ⅰ相的形成反应由单一的包晶反应到包-共晶反应再到完全共晶反应。当合金中Y含量≥7%(原子分数,下同)时,合金由(Mg, Zn)_5Y、准晶Ⅰ相、Mg_2Zn_3和Mg_7Zn_3相组成,且以叠层状形式分布在合金组织中。合金在凝固过程中通过包晶反应形成多边形块状准晶Ⅰ相;当Y含量<7%时,合金中除(Mg, Zn)_5Y、准晶Ⅰ相和Mg_7Zn_3相外,还析出了Mg相。当合金中Y含量在5%～7%时,准晶Ⅰ相通过包晶和共晶反应生成,以共晶反应为主。当Y含量≤4%时,准晶Ⅰ相完全通过共晶反应形成(Mg+I-phase)层片状共晶组织。所研究的合金中均生成了体积分数大于27%的准晶Ⅰ相,Mg₃₀Zn₆₀Y₁₀合金中准晶Ⅰ相的体积分数最高,约为77%。     

消失模铸造AZ91镁合金的研究

研究了ZA91镁合金消失模铸造时铸件的厚度,位置和真空度对铸件质量,组织及力学性能的影响,真空度是决定铸件质量的一个关键的工艺因素,无真空时浇注铸件易产生浇不足缺陷,但真空度过大又会导致形成粘砂和气孔等缺陷,真空浇注射明显细化组织,但真空度进一步增大时细化效果野 不明显,铸件显微组织具有很大的壁厚效应,然 位置对组织的影响与是否采用抽真空措施有关,铸件壁厚较小时,铸件的力学性能总体较差,断裂源自Mg/Mg17Al12界面、且主要是以解决理形式的脆性断裂。     

粉煤灰漂珠粒径对粉煤灰漂珠/AZ91D镁合金复合材料阻尼性能的影响

通过搅拌铸造法向半固态AZ91D镁合金中添加粉煤灰漂珠（FAC）制备了FAC/AZ91D镁合金复合材料,研究了FAC粒径对该复合材料阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:FAC/AZ91D镁合金复合材料的阻尼性能明显优于基体材料,在FAC含量相同时,FAC的粒径越大,其阻尼性能越好。室温下FAC对提高FAC/AZ91D镁合金复合材料的阻尼性能起重要作用,FAC附近的基体产生了高密度的位错,形成了塑性区。室温下FAC粒径越大,在其附近产生的塑性区越大,阻尼性能越好。随温度的升高,FAC/AZ91D镁合金复合材料的阻尼性能迅速提高。位错、晶界以及FAC和基体之间的界面运动是提高阻尼性能的关键。