新疆乌鲁木齐地区新生儿眼底病筛查情况报告

目的 了解新疆乌鲁木齐地区新生儿眼底病的发病情况,为新生儿眼底病防治提供依据.设计横断面研究.研究对象乌鲁木齐市妇幼保健院2014年1月至2018年12月出生的新生儿25 644例.方法 对所有新生儿应用广域数字化眼底成像系统(RetCam3)进行眼底检查,记录所有受检患儿出生孕周、出生体重、分娩方式等临床资料,对筛查结果进行分析.主要指标眼底异常的发生率.结果 446例新生儿眼底异常,异常率达18.16%.其中视网膜出血3334例(13.00%),经阴道分娩新生儿视网膜出血发病率(20.91%)明显高于剖宫产(3.71%)(P=0.000);家族性渗出性玻璃体视网膜病变87例(0.34%);视网膜周边白色病灶539例(2.1%);永存原始玻璃体增生症4例(0.02%);牵牛花综合征6例(0.02%);视网膜母细胞瘤2例(0.01%);在1649例早产儿中检出早产儿视网膜病变79例(4.79%),其中检出率与出生胎龄及出生体重均呈负相关(r=-0.879、-0.907,P=0.049、0.034).结论 乌鲁木齐地区新生儿眼底疾病发病率排在前几位的眼病都是非致盲性、非紧急、无需干预的告知性眼病,主要的致盲性眼底疾病仍是以早产儿视网膜病变为主.

Report on screening of neonatal fundus diseases in Urumqi Xinjiang

Objective To understand the incidence of neonatal fundus disease in Urumqi, Xinjiang, and provide basis for the prevention and treatment of neonatal ophthalmopathy. Design Cross-sectional study. Participants 25 644 newborns born in Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from January 2014 to December 2018. Methods All the newborns were examined with wide area digital fundus imaging system (RetCam 3). The clinical data such as gestational weeks, birth weight and delivery mode were recorded, and the screening results were analyzed. Main Outcome Measures Incidence of neonatal fundus disease. Results The abnormal rate of fundus was 18.16%. The incidence rate of retinal vitreous body hemorrhage was 13%(3334 cases), the incidence of retinal hemorrhage in vaginal delivery (20.91%) was significantly higher than that in cesarean section (3.71%) (P=0.000). The incidence of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR) was 0.34% (87 cases); the incidence of peripheral white focus of retina was 2.1%(539 cases); the incidence of persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous was 0.02%(4 cases); the incidence of morning glory syndrome was 0.02% (6 cases);  the incidence of retinoblastoma was 0.01% (2 cases), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was detected in 4.79% (79 cases) of preterm infants, and the detection rate of ROP was negatively correlated with gestational age and birth weight (r=-0.879, -0.907; P=0.049, 0.034). Conclusion The incidence of most ocular fundus diseases in the region is the non urgent, non intervention, and the main blinding fundus disease is ROP.