钙基负载型固体碱催化酯交换反应活性评价

动植物油脂与醇通过酯交换反应制备生物柴油，目前，工业上一般采用NaOH、KOH、NaOCH，等均相催化剂。均相催化剂的缺点是产品后处理复杂，产生大量含碱含油工业废水。而非均相固体碱催化酯交换反应，产品与催化剂分离容易，产品不需要水洗，避免了大量废液的排放。采用非均相固体碱制备生物柴油的文献报道较多，但固体碱的碱中心数、碱中心强度对酯交换反应影响的报道较少。本研究制备了钙基负载型固体碱催化剂，重点研究钙基负载型固体碱的制备工艺条件对碱强度、碱量分布的影响，考察碱强度、碱量分布对催化菜籽油与甲醇的酯交换反应制备生物柴油转化率的影响。

Catalytic activities of CaO-loaded solid base in transesterification of rape oil

CaO loaded solid base used in transesterification of rape oil was prepared by loading CaO on MgO. The base strength and content of the solid base at different preparation conditions were analyzed. The solid base belonged to superbase with the base strength of 27.0 < H- < 37.0. After dipped in 22.4% Ca(AC)2 for 1h and calcined at 700℃ for 24h, highest basic content of the solid base were achieved (H- >9.3, 25.68 mmol/g). The solid base exhibited high catalytic activity in transesterification of rape oil into bio diesel, and the rape oil conversion reached 97.95%.