鹿角骨单位仿生薄壁管斜向冲击耐撞性研究

为提高薄壁管结构的耐撞性和吸能性，基于鹿角骨单位结构特征，结合结构仿生学原理设计出内径相同、外径等梯度逐层递减的仿生薄壁管。采用有限元法对75种仿生薄壁管结构进行10°、20°、30°等3种斜向冲击角度的吸能特性模拟；通过多项式回归元模型和多目标粒子群优化算法进行优化，以Pareto前沿最优原则得到各目标最优化的配置方案；采用最小距离选择法进行优化分析，得到各配置方案的最优结构设计参数。结果表明:仅考虑单一冲击角度时，在10°、20°、30°冲击角度下的仿生薄壁管耐撞性最优的仿生层数n均为6，最大壁厚与厚度梯度值参数组合t_max-a分别为2.84 mm-0.38 mm、2.89 mm-0.29 mm、2.91 mm-0.34 mm；综合考虑多种冲击角度权重因数不同配置方案时，仿生薄壁管耐撞性最优的仿生层数n均为6，最大壁厚与厚度梯度值参数组合t_max-a分别为2.95 mm-0.28 mm、2.92 mm-0.30 mm、2.85 mm-0.33 mm。

Oblique impact resistance of a bionic thin-walled tube based on antles osteon

Some achievements have been made in the study on mechanical properties of antler, but they have not been applied in engineering practice, especially in the study of thin-walled tubes similar to antler crashworthiness. In order to improve the crashworthiness and energy absorption of the thin-walled tube structures, a bionic thin-walled tube with the same inner diameter and equal gradient of outer diameter was designed based on the structural characteristics of antler bone and the principle of structural bionics. The finite element method was used to simulate the energy absorption characteristics of 75 kinds of bionic thin-walled tube structures under the oblique impacts with the impact angles of 10°, 20° and 30°. The polynomial regression element model and multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm were used to optimize, and the Pareto front optimization principle was used to obtain the optimal allocation scheme of each target. The minimum distance selection method was used in optimization analysis to obtain the optimal structural design parameters of each scheme. The optimization method used in this study can provide reference for the follow-up research on the crashworthiness of thin-walled tubes, and the optimal structure of bionic thin-walled tubes can provide reference for practical engineering application. The results show that when only considering a single impact angle, the optimal number of biomimetic layers n is 6, and the parameter combination of maximum wall thickness and thickness gradient t_max-a is 2.84 mm-0.38 mm, 2.89 mm-0.29 mm, 2.91 mm-0.34 mm, respectively under 10°, 20° and 30° impact angles. Considering various impact angle weight factors and different configuration schemes, the optimal number of biomimetic layers n is 6, and the parameter combination of maximum wall thickness and thickness gradient t_max-a is 2.95 mm-0.28 mm, 2.92 mm-0.30 mm and 2.85 mm-0.33 mm, respectively.