| 预警的概念及相关物理问题 |
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| 引用本文： | 吴忠良,蒋长胜.预警的概念及相关物理问题[J].物理,2007,36(6):472-475. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吴忠良 蒋长胜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 中国科学院研究生院地球科学学院,北京,100049;中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京,100081
2. 中国地震局地球物理研究所,北京,100081 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划) |
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| 摘 要： | 预警是现代社会减轻自然灾害的工作中最重要的物理概念之一,也是在预测/预报的物理问题没有得到解决的情况下最具实际意义的技术之一.文章介绍了与预警有关的概念和物理问题,包括预报和预警的概念,现地预警和异地预警,讨论了不同领域的预警技术中共同的物理问题,包括“有限传播”原理、“连锁效应”原理、“相似放大”原理,以及实际工作对预警系统的主要技术要求.
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| 关 键 词： | 自然灾害 预警系统 地震预警 |
| 修稿时间： | 2007-01-12 |
Early warning: concepts, techniques, and physics |
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| WU Zhong-Liang,JIANG Chang-Sheng.Early warning: concepts, techniques, and physics[J].Physics,2007,36(6):472-475. |
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| Authors: | WU Zhong-Liang JIANG Chang-Sheng |
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| Affiliation: | 1. College of Earth Science, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Belting 100049, China;2. Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration, Beijing 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | Early warning is one of the most important physical concepts in the reduction of natural disasters for modem society. Prediction/forecast face intrinsic difficulties in physics, so early warning plays a most critical role in practical applications for sustainability. We review the basic concepts and physics of early warning, including the difference between prediction/forecast and early warning, front detection early warning and on-site early warning, and the common physical problems of early warning systems in different fields-finite propagation, the ripple effect, and scaling, as well as the main technical requirements of practical early warning systems. |
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| Keywords: | natural disasters early warning system earthquake early warning |
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