Co-doped willemite ceramic pigments: Technological behaviour,crystal structure and optical properties |
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| Authors: | Emel Ozel Hilmi Yurdakul Servet Turan Matteo Ardit Giuseppe Cruciani Michele Dondi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Anadolu University, ?ki Eylül Campus, 26480 Eski?ehir, Turkey;2. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Ferrara, Via Saragat 1, 44100 Ferrara, Italy;3. Institute of Science and Technology for Ceramics (ISTEC-CNR), Via Granarolo 64, 48018 Faenza, Italy;1. Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, 11210 Bilecik, Turkey;2. Anadolu University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 26480 Eskisehir, Turkey;3. MDA Advanced Ceramics Ltd., 26110 Eskisehir, Turkey;4. Alp Aviation Co., 26110 Eskisehir, Turkey;1. Functional Devices Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Materials Synthesis and Characterization Laboratory, Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;3. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;1. Institute of Advanced Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia |
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| Abstract: | Cobalt-doped willemite is a promising blue ceramic pigment, but some important aspects concerning crystal structure, optical properties and technological behaviour are still undisclosed. In order to get new insight on these features, willemite pigments (Zn2?xCoxSiO4, 0 < x < 0.3) were synthesized by the ceramic route and characterized from the structural (XRPD with Rietveld refinement), optical (DRS and colorimetry), microstructural (SEM, STEM, TEM, EDX, EELS) and technological (simulation of the ceramic process) viewpoints. The incorporation of cobalt in the willemite lattice, taking preferentially place in the Zn1 tetrahedral site, induces an increase of unit-cell parameters, metal–oxygen distances, and inter-tetrahedral tilting. It causes shifting and enhanced splitting of spin-allowed bands of Co2+ in tetrahedral coordination, implying slight changes of crystal field strength Dq and Racah B parameter, but increasing spin-orbit coupling parameter λ. Willemite pigments impart deep blue hue to ceramic glazes and glassy coatings with a colouring performance better than commercial Co-bearing colorants in the 800–1200 °C range. Detailed SEM-TEM investigation and microanalysis proved that no diffusion phenomena occur at the pigment–glassy coating interface and that willemite pigments are chemically inert during firing at 1050 °C. |
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