皖南蝮蛇毒蛋白C激活物的急性毒性作用的研究

目的:探讨蛇毒蛋白C激活物(protein Cactivator,PCA)对大、小鼠的急性毒理反应。方法:大鼠采用上下剂量增减法,小鼠采用半数致死量法,观察实验动物症状、体征、死亡时间和累积死亡率。结果:PCA尾静脉注射大鼠(剂量17.5～175mg/kg)、小鼠(剂量为6.25～11mg/kg)的中毒表现为不同程度的口鼻泡沫状出血、呼吸困难、心率加快、走路不稳、蜷缩、昏厥性抽搐;大、小鼠尾静脉注射PCA的LD50及其95%可信限分别为29.57(17.5～55)mg/kg和8.05(7.55～8.54)mg/kg;大体解剖可见双肺有片块状出血,病理镜检显示出血主要累及肺泡、支气管等。其他器官未见明显异常。结论:皖南蝮蛇毒PCA的毒性主要是抗凝过度导致的出血,肺出血引起的急性呼吸衰竭是实验动物死亡主要原因。

Acute toxicity of protein C activator from venom of Agkistrodon halys in rats and mice

AIM: To investigate the acute toxicity of protein C activator from venom of Agkistrodon halys in rats and mice.METHODS: Rats using the up-and-down procedure and mice using median lethal dose;the acute toxical symptoms,signs,death time and accumulated death rate were observed.RESULTS:PCA tail intravenous of rats(dose of 17.5-175 mg/kg),mice(dose of 6.25-11 mg/kg) poisoning in different degree of mouth and nose foam bleeding,dyspnea,heart rate,unstable walking,crouching,consecutive convulsion.The LD50 and its 95%confident limit of PCA to rats and mice were 29.57(17.5-55) mg/kg and 8.05(7.55-8.54) mg/kg respectively.A massive hemorrhage was noted in double lung,and pathological examination shows hemorrhage mainly involved in the alveoli,bronchi,etc.Other organs showed no obvious abnormality.CONCLUSION: The main toxicity of PCA from venom of Agkistrodon halys was hemorrhage induced by anticoagulation.In addition,the acute respiratory failure induced by pneumorr-hagia was the major cause for animal death.