单分散核-壳型银包覆二氧化硅微球的制备及复合机理研究

基于Stober水解法制备得到纯二氧化硅微球, 通过以PVP为保护剂和还原剂的可控还原法制备得到银包覆二氧化硅复合微球. 该复合微球的单分散性好, 且均匀而稳定, 其中核的平均粒径在255nm, 壳层银纳米粒子粒径约为8nm. 根据银源溶液的浓度、反应温度以及反应液pH值等3个主要因素对复合微球的生长和形貌的重要影响, 研究了该核-壳型复合微球的合成机理, 得到最优合成条件: 最佳离子浓度为2.0mmol?L-1, 主要生长温度为40~50℃, 且最适酸碱度在pH=12.12处. 该复合微球在光学和催化等诸多领域都有广泛的潜在应用前景.

Preparation of Monodisperse Core-Shell Type Silver-coated Silica Composite-spheres and its Mechanism

The synthesis of bare silica is achieved based on Stober method and the synthesis of SiO2@Ag has been obtained by controlled-reduction of silver nitrate and ammonia in ethyl alcohol with PVP as a protective and reducing agent. The particles size, structure and composition analyses reveal that the resultant SiO2@Ag composite-spheres are monodisperse which is well-proportioned and stable with a mean silica core diameter of 255 nm and the silver shell nanoparticles diameter of 8 nm. The synthesis mechanism of the core-shell type composite-spheres is studied in terms of the impact on growth and morphology from these the main factors that are silver source solution, reaction temperature and pH of the reaction solution. The optimal synthesis conditions are finally obtained as follows: the optimum ion concentration is about 2.0 mmol·L-1, the main growth temperature is 40~50℃, and the best core-shell structure appears in pH=12.12.