基于流固耦合腕臂复合绝缘子抗风性能研究

强风环境会引起复合绝缘子伞裙发生形变,导致伞裙根部出现严重的应力集中。在周期循环风载荷作用下,伞裙根部长期处于应力疲劳状态并最终导致伞裙撕裂问题。针对上述问题,文中以铁路系统腕臂复合绝缘子为对象,建立腕臂复合绝缘子流固耦合三维仿真计算模型,研究伞裙形变量与伞裙根部应力及不同风速、不同迎风角与绝缘子伞裙形变量的关系。研究结果表明:从整体来看,根部倒角半径对形变的影响是非常小的,非重要抗风结构参数;在同一风速下,迎风角为17°时伞裙形变量最大,迎风角为84°时伞裙形变量最小;随着下倾角的增加,绝缘子伞裙边沿产生最大形变的迎风角逐渐减小;伞裙下倾角增加到7°时,同时伞裙边沿形变从5 mm平稳下降到0.85 mm,伞裙下倾角的增加有效抑制了伞裙边缘形变量的上升,对绝缘子抗风性能具有极其重要的影响。文中根据以上研究结果,优化腕臂复合绝缘子的伞裙结构,提高了绝缘子的抗风性能。

Research on the Wind-resistant Structure of Composite Insulators for Overhead Contact System Cantilever Based on Fluid-structure Interaction Method

Composite insulators will appear deformation under the strong wind, and make serious stress concentration at the roots of the sheds. The roots of insulator sheds are in the state of stress fatigue under the cyclic wind load, and finally lead to shed cracks. In allusion to the problems mentioned above, with the composite insulator for overhead contact system cantilever as the object, a model of 3D computer simulation was established. This paper discusses the relationship between deformation of the sheds and stress of the roots of insulator sheds, and explored the influence of wind speed, angle of wind approach and deformation of the sheds. The research shows that the effect of the roots of the chamfering radius on the deformation is minimal. It is unimportant structural parameters of wind resistance. When the angle of wind approach is 17°, the deformation of the sheds is biggest under same wind velocity, the angle of wind approach is 84°, the deformation of the sheds is smallest under same wind velocity. When the lower angle of the sheds is 7°, the edge deformation of sheds decreases steadily from 5 mm to 0.85 mm, and the increase of the inclination angle of sheds effectively restrains the increase of the edge deformation of sheds, which has an extremely important impact on the wind resistance of insulators. Based on the above research results, the sheds structure of cantilever composite insulators is optimized to improve the wind resistance of insulators.