Tuning the physisorption of molecular hydrogen: binding to aromatic,hetero-aromatic and metal-organic framework materials

We present a study on the binding properties of molecular hydrogen to several polar aromatic molecules and to a model for the metal-oxide corner of the metal organic framework materials recently investigated as promising supports for hydrogen storage. Density functional theory employing the Perdew Wang exchange-correlation functional and second order Møller-Plesset calculations are used to determine the equilibrium structures of complexes with molecular hydrogen and their stability. It is found that for most hetero-aromatics the edge sites for molecular hydrogen physisorption have stabilities comparable to the top sites. The DFT predicted binding energies compare favorably with those estimated at MP2 level, and get closer to the MP2 results for increased electrostatic contributions (induced by the polar aromatics) to the intermolecular interaction. Vibrational frequencies are also computed at the DFT level, and infrared activities of the H₂ stretching frequency are compared for the various complexes. Pyrrole, pyridine and n-oxide pyridine are predicted to form the more stable complexes among one-ring aromatics. The computed binding energies to metal-organic framework materials are in good agreement with experimental observations. It is suggested that replacement of the organic linker in MOF materials with some of the more efficient aromatics investigated here might contribute to enhance the H₂ storage properties of mixed inorganic–organic materials.