“双碳”目标下我国碳捕集、利用与封存政策分析及建议

聚焦碳捕集、利用与封存(carbon capture, utilization and storage,CCUS)新兴低碳技术,介绍了近年来国外主要发达经济体的政策发展情况,另外着重从国家、地方政府层面入手对我国相关政策或规划进行了整理分析。过去10余年间,系列政策的适时发布有力促进了我国CCUS的布局与发展,技术目前总体处于工业示范阶段。然而,相较美国、欧盟等发达经济体,我国CCUS技术能力与项目规模仍有一定差距,并存在财税激励或补贴政策尚未出台、法律法规与标准体系建设缓慢、产业链布局不完善和国际合作话语权不强等主要不足。建议立足我国实际国情,在总结借鉴国外CCUS良好政策与实践经验的基础上,加快推动低成本、低能耗、安全可靠的CCUS关键技术研发与产业集群建设,深化国际合作,逐步建立产业发展主导优势,助力“双碳”目标实现。

Policy Analysis and Suggestion for Carbon Capture,Utilization and Storage under Double Carbon Target in China

Focused on carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology, development of relevant policies from major developed economies in recent years are introduced. In the respective of national and local governments, relevant policies or plans for CCUS in China are reviewed and analyzed comprehensively. In the past decade, the release of these policies or plans had strongly promoted the layout and development of CCUS technology in China, and it has come into the stage of industrial demonstration. However, compared with developed economies such as the United States and the European Union, China still has a certain gap on the level of technology development and project scale, and there exist some deficiencies mainly including lack of finance and tax incentive or subsidy policies, slow construction for system of laws, regulations and standards, incomplete layout of CCUS industrial chain, and relatively weak speaking right in international cooperation, etc. In the future, it is suggested that according to the basic national conditions, on the basis of learning from the good policies and practical experience from other countries, China should speed up the research and development of low-cost, low-energy-consumption, safe and reliable CCUS technologies and the construction of industrial clusters, and deepen international cooperation. Then the leading advantage of CCUS industry development could be established gradually which is beneficial to achieve the double carbon target.