大气对流层顶的臭氧时空分布变化

 利用1958~2001年的臭氧垂直分布和NCEP资料,计算出全球对流层顶的气候场,并对其空间分布、季节、年际和年代际演变进行了分析.结果表明:①对流层顶臭氧质量比呈纬向分布的特征明显,南北半球中纬度和南极为高值区,赤道和北极为低值区,且与对流层顶高度和温度场有对应关系;②从400~70 hPa的温度和臭氧质量比垂直经向剖面中,显现出对流层顶的上层和下层由于具有不同的物理和化学过程导致垂直分布存在差异;③对流层顶臭氧质量比纬向距平场的年代际变率具有不同位相的时空演变尺度,南半球的时空差异比北半球大,南极最不稳定,低纬和赤道地区幅度变化较小,但时间尺度较大;④极地各季节对流层顶的臭氧分布和高度场特征相似,低纬则与温度场分布较一致;⑤对流层顶断裂带中臭氧质量比最大值出现在春季,秋季为最小值,其对应的纬度存在明显的季节空间经向波动,夏季达到最高纬度,冬季到达最低纬度;⑥对流层顶臭氧质量比纬向距平的季节变率表现出准半年变化趋势,且两半球变化趋势相反.

The variation of spatial-temporal distribution of the global tropopause ozone

Using the 44 years(1958—2001)NCEP data and ozone mixing ratio data,calculating the global ozone distribution at tropopause.The result are as follows:① The global ozone mixing ratio at tropopause is zonality distribution.The high value regions locate in the mid-latitude of the two hemisphere and south pole,the low value regions locate in the equator and the north pole,and those regions have correspondence connection with the geopotential field and temperature field at tropopause.② The zonal mean sections of ozone and temperature between 400—70?hPa indicate that the different physical and chemical process in upper troposphere/lower stratosphere lead to the different vertical distribution of the temperature and ozone.③ The interannual(interdecadal)variations of the tropopause zonal-mean ozone anomalies is remarkable.The spatial-temporal variation of the tropopause ozone in Southern Hemisphere is acuter than Northern Hemisphere,Ozone variation is most instable in South Pole and is most stable in the low-latitude and equator regions.④ Each season of global tropopaus ozone distribution is very similar to the geopotential distribution in the two polar regions.In the low-latitude and equator regions,the global tropopause ozone distribution is similar to the temperature distribution to some extent.⑤ In the tropopause breakpoints regions,the max tropopause ozone occurs in the spring and the minimum occurs in fall.The latitude of the max tropopause ozone in the tropopause breakpoints regions can reach highest-latitude in summer and lowest-latitude in winter.⑥ The seasonal variation of the global tropopause zonal mean ozone mass mixing ratio anomalies has obvious quasi-semiyearly variation,and has opposite connection between Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere.