酒曲中产凝乳酶微生物菌株的分离筛选及鉴定

针对酒曲中的微生物进行分离纯化,得到11株细菌和2株真菌,并采用酪蛋白平板法和Arima时间法筛选出了1株产凝乳酶的细菌菌株编号为LB-51。通过形态学观察、生理生化实验和16S rDNA序列分析鉴定该菌株为解淀粉芽孢杆菌,将该产凝乳酶菌株命名为解淀粉芽孢杆菌GSBa-1。该菌株在液体LB培养基中发酵72 h产凝乳酶的凝乳活力为(431.53±15.89)SU/mL,蛋白水解活力为(5.05±0.59)U/mL,所产凝乳酶凝乳活力高而蛋白水解活力低,凝乳酶粗酶单位酶活力为1.54×10~5SU/g。解淀粉芽孢杆菌GSBa-1是分离筛选自酒曲中的一株高产凝乳酶细菌,因此其来源安全,可作为工业化候选菌株进一步研究开发。

Isolation and Identification of Microbial Strains Producing Rennet from Jiuqu,a Traditional Chinese Fermentation Starter

Eleven bacterial strains and two fungal strains were isolated from Jiuqu, a traditional Chinese fermentation starter for rice wine. Out of these, one bacterial strain, designated LB-51, capable of producing rennet was screened by the casein plate method and the Arima method. The strain was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens by its morphological characteristics, physiological and biochemical tests (API 50CHB system) and 16S rDNA sequence analysis and species specific gene analysis and named as B. amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1. The rennet and proteolytic activities were (431.53 ± 15.89) SU/mL and (5.05 ± 0.59) U/mL, respectively, after 72 h shaking culture (120 r/min) at 30 ℃ for 72 h in liquid LB medium. The enzyme exhibited high milk-clotting activity and low protein hydrolysis activity. The milk-clotting activity was 1.54 × 105 SU/g. B. amyloliquefaciens GSBa-1, an efficient producer and a safe source of rennet activity, is worth further research and development as a candidate strain for industrial production of rennet.