重庆地区HIV阴性男男性行为者药物滥用情况分析

目的 了解重庆市人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus,HIV）阴性男男性行为者（men who have sex with men,MSM）药物滥用情况及其影响因素,并探究药物滥用与其性病发生率的关系。方法 2018年6月-2019年6月招募重庆地区HIV阴性MSM人群并收集其社会人口学、高危性行为及性病感染等信息,采用单因素和多因素logistic回归分析其药物滥用的影响因素,采用卡方检验分析药物滥用与性病发生的关系。结果 共招募139名HIV阴性MSM,其中34.53%（48/139）近6个月有药物滥用史。单因素和多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,服用过暴露后预防药物是药物滥用的阻碍因素：发生过≥3人的"群交"行为（OR=0.027,95%CI：0.009~0.085）是药物滥用的独立影响因素。药物滥用者性病发生率为16.67%（8/48）,高于非药物滥用者的4.40%（4/91）,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 重庆地区HIV阴性MSM人群药物滥用比例高,且药物滥用导致其发生高危性行为的可能性更大,性病发生率更高。

Analysis on the detection and antimicrobial resistance of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from patients in Yingyang district

Objective To analyse the detection rates and antimicrobial resistance of extended-spectrum β-lactamases （ESBLs）-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolated from patients in a district. Methods Bacterial strains were isolated from clinical samples in a central hospital between June 2005 and May 2006, biochemical identification, antimicrobial susceptibility test and ESBLs detection were performed with microbial analysis sys- tem. Results Two hundred and twenty-one strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were isolated, the total positive rate of ESBLs was 35.29%, 19 of 45 （42. 22%） strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 59 of 176 （33. 52%） strains of Escherichia coli produced ESBLs. ESBLs-producing strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli had higher sensitivity to imipenem, cefoxitin, piperacillin/tazobactam and cefoperazone/sulbactam, and had higher resistance to ampicillin, cefazolin, ceftriaxone and aztreonam, but the resistant rate to eeftazidime was low, these strains also showed multiple resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones and sulfonamides. Conclusion The test results showed that the isolation rates of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli in.this district were high, which had high resistance to most antimicrobial agents, and the resistance was multipie, imipenem can be used to the treatment, β-lactamases inhibitors and eephamycins also have good effect.