马厂油田高密度三维观测系统设计研究

马厂油田的地下地质构造复杂，以往采集的地震资料无法满足当前勘探开发的需要。针对这一问题，开展了高密度三维采集观测系统设计研究。基于马厂构造的地质构造特点，对观测系统的各类参数进行了分析试验，在此基础上设计了小道距、小炮点距、小接收线距和小激发线距的观测系统，并根据目标区实际地质构造特点，采用可变面元方式进行数据采集。高密度观测系统的特点是物理点密度较大，覆盖次数高，炮检距分布均匀。正演模拟和实际应用表明，采用高密度三维采集观测系统采集的资料，信噪比和分辨率较老资料有显著提高，特别是中、深层资料的信噪比得到了明显改善。

Research on high density 3 D geometry design in Machang oilfield

The subsurface structure of Machang oilfield is complex.The former acquired seismic data could not satisfy the requirements for exploration and development.Aiming at this problem,we carried out the high density 3-D geometry design.High density geometry is characterized by high density of physical points,large fold number,and uniform geophone distance.Based on the structure characteristics in this area,parameters of geometry were tested and analyzed.Then geometry was designed with small trace interval,small shot interval,small group interval,and small shooting line interval.In terms of the actual geologic structural characteristics in the area,variable bin was used to acquire data.Forward modeling and actual application shows that the data acquired by high density 3-D geometry has been greatly improved the S/N and resolution,especially for the S/N of middle and deep data.