SELEX技术在病毒感染诊断和治疗中的应用

指数富集的配体系统进化（SELEX）技术是一种新的组合化学技术,它利用人工合成的随机寡核苷酸文库,通过体外多轮筛选与扩增,获得能与靶物质特异性结合的寡核苷酸适体。适体的靶分子广泛,包括病毒代谢相关产物,且与靶物质结合的亲和力高、特异性强,在体内代谢及稳定性等方面优于抗体。在细胞和动物模型中,适体显示出很多优于抗体的特性,而且已经有适体作为药物进入临床试验阶段。这种体外筛选技术是一种较成熟的技术,由此产生的适体具有较好的理化特征,可以抑制病毒复制感染的各个阶段,而且在病毒感染所引发的相关疾病诊断和治疗等方面具有较好的应用前景。

Applications of SELEX in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Viral Infection

Combinatorial library selections through the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment（SELEX） technique identify so called nucleic acid aptamers that bind with high affinity and specificity to a wide range of molecules, including the metabolism products of viruses. Furthermore, aptamers have definite advantages over antibodies, in that they can be chemically synthesized and modifications can be introduced that improve their stabilities and pharmacokinetic properties. A number of aptamers against therapeutically important targets have shown efficacy in cell and animal models, and a handful of aptamers are now in clinical trials or are being used as drugs. Implementation of in vitro selections with modified nucleotides promises to be an elegant technique for the creation of ligands with novel physical and chemical properties and is anticipated to have a significant impact on diagnostics and drug development. There are broad application prospects for aptamers in the diagnosis and treatment diseases infected by virus.