益生菌与肠道菌群、免疫调节的相互作用与机制研究进展

益生菌在改善宿主肠道微生态平衡、提高宿主健康水平和健康状态等方面发挥有益作用。其主要通过调理肠道微生物群、参与多种疾病的免疫调节，从而改善胃肠道生理机能来影响宿主健康。益生菌在预防和治疗胃肠道疾病等方面具有相当大的潜力，需要对其与肠道菌群、免疫调节的相互作用机制更深入的了解。本文对益生菌在肠道的分布与定植、益生菌对肠道菌群和肠道功能的调控作用以及益生菌与免疫调节的关系做了简单论述，以期为今后益生菌与肠道菌群互作研究以及益生菌的临床应用提供参考。

Interaction and Mechanism of Probiotics with Gut Flora and Immune Regulation: A Review

Probiotics play beneficial roles in improving the host intestinal microecological balance and improving the host health level and health state. It mainly affects the host health by regulating the intestinal microbiota and participating in the immune regulation of various diseases, thus improving the gastrointestinal physiology. Probiotics have considerable potential in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, and a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of their interaction with gut flora and immune regulation are needed. In this paper, the distribution and colonization of probiotics in the intestinal tract, the regulation of probiotics on intestinal flora and intestinal function, and the relationship between probiotics and immune regulation are briefly discussed, in order to provide reference for the future research on the interaction between probiotics and intestinal flora and the clinical application of probiotics.