427名养老机构高龄老人老化期望现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解养老机构高龄老人老化期望水平的现况，分析其影响因素。方法 采用便利抽样法，采用一般资料调查表、养老机构特征性问卷、老化期望量表、领悟社会支持量表和老年抑郁量表对河北省7所养老机构内80岁及以上的老年人进行调查。采用多重线性回归分析养老机构高龄老人老化期望的影响因素。结果 427名养老机构高龄老人老化期望总分为（45.09±6.71）分。多元线性回归结果显示，学历、慢性病种类、自评身体状况、养老机构服务态度、抑郁程度和领悟社会支持进入回归方程（P<0.05），可解释总变异的44.3%。结论 本组养老机构高龄老人老化期望水平处于中等偏低水平，学历、慢性病种类、自评身体状况、养老机构服务态度、抑郁程度和领悟社会支持为其影响因素。护理人员可采用心理疏导、健康知识宣教等方式提高其老化期望水平，促进其健康积极老龄化，提高其生活质量。

Status Quo and Influencing Factors of Expectations Regarding Aging of Elderly People in Nursing Institutions: A 427-case Study

Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of expectations regarding aging (ERA) of the elderly in nursing institutions. Methods Convenience sampling method was used to select the elderly aged 80 years and above in 7 nursing institutions in Hebei Province and they were surveyed using general information questionnaire, Characteristics of Nursing Institutions Questionnaire, the Expectations Regarding Aging Scale(ERA-21), the Perceived Social Support Scale and the Geriatric Depression Scale. Results The total score of ERA-21 of the elderly in nursing institutions was 45.09±6.71. Multiple linear regression showed that educational background, types of chronic diseases, self-assessed physical condition, service attitude of nursing institutions, depression and perception of social support were the influencing factors of ERA of the elderly in nursing institutions (P<0.05), explaining 44.3% of the total variance. Conclusion ERA of the elderly in nursing institutions is at a moderately low level. Psychological counseling and health education and other methods should be considered to improve ERA of the elderly, so as to promote healthy and active aging, and quality of life.