天津市2015~2019年生鲜果蔬病原微生物污染排查分析

为排查天津市即食生鲜果蔬病原微生物污染情况，2015~2019年在生产环节和流通环节抽取生菜、番茄、黄瓜、苦菊、桃和梨等6种即食果蔬品种共计654批次样品,采用国家标准方法分析样品中菌落总数、大肠菌群、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、单增李斯特氏菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌和大肠杆菌O157:H7污染状况进行风险分析。结果显示，654批次样品中检出食源性致病菌135批次，检出率为20.6%，其中包括沙门氏菌1份，金黄色葡萄球菌6份，蜡样芽孢杆菌128份，其他致病菌均未检出。食源性致病菌检出率较高的样品多出现在超市和农贸市场，表明即食果蔬致病菌的污染易发生在流通环节。即食生鲜果蔬中食源性致病菌污染对消费者健康存在潜在的安全隐患，需加强采后流通环节污染防控，保障即食果蔬食品安全，防止食源性疾病暴发。

Investigation and Analysis of Pathogenic Microbial Contamination of Fresh Fruits and Vegetables in Tianjin from 2015 to 2019

In order to investigate the pathogenic microbial pollution of ready-to-eat fresh fruits and vegetables in Tianjin, 654 batches of samples of six kinds of ready-to-eat fruits and vegetables, such as lettuce, tomato, cucumber, chrysanthemum, peach and pear, were taken from the production and circulation links from 2015 to 2019. The total number of colonies, coliform, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, the pollution status of Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli O157:H7 were analyzed. The results showed that 135 batches of foodborne pathogens were detected in 654 batches of samples, with a detection rate of 20.6%, including Salmonella 1, Staphylococcus aureus 6, Bacillus cereus 128, and no other pathogens were detected. The samples with high detection rate of foodborne pathogens mostly appeared in supermarkets and farmers’ markets, which indicated that the contamination of foodborne pathogens in fruits and vegetables was easy to occur in the post harveststage. Foodborne pathogen contamination in ready-to-eat fresh fruits and vegetables is a potential safety hazard to consumers' health. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of postharvest circulation links, ensure the food safety of ready-to-eat fruits and vegetables and prevent the outbreak of foodborne diseases.