冰雪区局地环流及气候特征探讨

本文以西昆仑山崇侧冰帽区为例,根据大量观测资料,讨论了冰川存在对其所在地区气候的影响。得出冰川风是影响冰雪区气候特征的重要因素,是冰-气作用中的一个主要因子。这里的冰川风是一种独成体系的局地环流,它既不同于山谷冰川上出现的冰川风,也不同于山谷风。其强度随着离开冰雪区距离的增长而减弱。在冰雪区前缘地带形成风向、温湿度急剧变化区,使温度梯度从非冰川区到冰川区发生大的变化。

A STUDY ON LOCAL CIRCULATION AND CLIMATIC CHARA-CTERISTICS IN GLACIER AREA

This paper took the Chongce ice cap in west Kunlun Mountains as an example, and discussed the existence of the glacier affecting he climate of the glacial area. It was revealed that the glacier wind is an important influencing factor for climatic condition in this area and the main factor in the interaction between ice and atomsphere. The glacier wind in this region is a kind of special local circulation. It was different from the regular diurnal mountain-valley winds and also different from the typical glacier wind occurring in valley glacier areas. The intensity of this wind decreases with distance from the glacier. The zone of dras'ic changes of wind direction, temperature and humidity occurred at fhe front edge of the glacier tongue, lapse rate of temperature here has a large variation from nonglacial area to glacial area.