白云鄂博矿霓石型稀土矿石中铌的赋存状态与分布规律研究

采用多元素分析、偏光显微镜、场发射扫描电镜、微区能谱分析及AMICS自动矿物分析系统对白云鄂博矿床主、东矿内霓石型稀土矿石中的铌元素赋存状态及分布规律进行了系统分析。结果表明:主、东矿霓石型稀土矿石中铌的品位（Nb₂O₅）分别为0.22%和0.14%，主矿铌品位高于东矿。主、东矿霓石型稀土矿石中分别有82.78%、80.21%铌元素以独立矿物形式存在于易解石、铌铁矿、铌铁金红石、烧绿石及包头矿等铌矿物中。易解石和烧绿石为主、东矿霓石型稀土矿石中分布最广泛的两种铌矿物，其中的铌元素分布率普遍高于铌铁矿、铌铁金红石等其他铌矿物。主矿易解石的矿物含量高于东矿，烧绿石含量在主、东矿间无明显变化。根据上述研究结果，建议采用重选、磁选、浮选和化学选矿联合的阶段磨矿阶段选别流程。 

Occurrence and Distribution of Niobium in Aegirine -type Rare Earth Ore in Bayan Obo Mine

The occurrence and distribution of niobium in the aegirine-type rare earth ore in the main and east mines of Bayan Obo deposit were systematically analyzed by means of multi element analysis, Polarizing microscope, field emission scanning electron microscope, micro area energy spectrum analysis and AMICS automatic mineral analysis system. The results show that the grade of niobium (Nb₂O₅) in the aegirine-type rare earth ore in the main and east mines is 0.22% and 0.14% respectively, and the grade of niobium in the main ore is higher than that in the east ore. There are 82.78% and 80.21% of Nb in the aegirine-type rare earth ore of the main and east ores respectively in the form of independent minerals, such as calcite, niobite, ferroniobium rutile, pyrochlore and Baotou ore.The two niobium minerals, mainly calcite and pyrochlore, are the most widely distributed in the aegirine-type rare earth ore of the main and east mines of Bayan Obo deposit, in which the distribution rate of niobium element is generally higher than that of niobite, ferroniobium rutile and other niobium minerals.The mineral content of calcite in the main ore is higher than that in the east ore, and there is no obvious change in pyrochlore content between the main ore and the east ore. According to the above research results, it is suggested to adopt the stage grinding stage separation process of gravity separation, magnetic separation, flotation and chemical separation.