石材开采加工区域受污染溪水絮凝处理的研究

针对花岗石开采加工区域受污染溪水的特点,研究聚合氯化铝PAC（絮凝剂）与聚丙烯酰胺PAM（助凝剂）在不同加入量、不同搅拌转速、不同絮凝反应时间和不同静置沉降时间条件下的污水处理效果。首先通过设计影响絮凝的单因素试验与正交试验,获得影响絮凝效果的主次因子顺序（PAM加入量〉静置沉降时间〉PAC加入量〉絮凝反应时间〉搅拌转速）与絮凝效果最佳的工艺条件（PAC=20mg.L-1、PAM=2.5mg.L-1、搅拌转速=300r.min-1、絮凝反应时间=8min、静置沉降时间=15min）。然后依此对受污染溪水原样进行絮凝处理,使受污染溪水的浊度与SS分别从原来的17.6NTU与300mg.L-1下降至0.98NTU与17mg.L-1,达到《污水综合排放标准》GB8978-1996中的一级标准（SS≤20mg.L-1）,这为受污染溪水的降浊处理提供一条有效途径,对保护环境、节约水资源、降低石材企业生产成本与可持续发展具有重要意义。

Research on flocculation treatment of polluted river resulted from stone quarrying and processing

In response to polluted river resulted from granite quarrying and processing,this paper explores wastewater treatment effectiveness of flocculant（PAC） and coagulant（PAM） in different mixture ratios,stirring speeds,flocculation reaction time and static settling time.Firstly,by designing tests of single factor affecting flocculation and orthogonal experiment,the ranking factors for flocculation effectiveness（PAM＇s dosage settling time PAC＇s dosage flocculation reaction time stirring speeds） and the best flocculation technical conditions（PAC=20 mg·L-1,PAM=2.5 mg·L-1,stirring speed=300 r·min-1,flocculation reaction time=8min and settling time=15min） were found.Based on this,the flocculation treatment of polluted river samples was conducted.As a result,the values of turbidity and SS of the sample were respectively reduced from original 17.6NTU and 300 mg·L^-1 to 0.98NTU and 17 mg·L^-1,which meets the first class water criterion set,SS≤20 mg·L^-1,in national Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard（GB8978-1996）.Evidently,this way of flocculation treatment is proved to be effective in protecting environment,saving water resources,reducing production costs and maintaining a sustainable development for stone processing enterprises.