三峡水库回水变动区重庆河段泥沙淤积影响及治理

三峡工程按175 m方案蓄水后,随着水库运行时间的增长,重庆主城区河段的泥沙淤积将成累积性增加,边滩加高加宽,河床发生一定的演变,泥沙淤积将会对该河段的港口、航道和沿江市政基础设施和生态环境等造成一定的负面影响。综合各方面的研究成果,进一步加大长江上游的水土保持力度、采取建库拦沙及蓄水攻沙、根据泥沙淤积情况规划调整河道岸线,实施港口改造和航道整治等综合措施,是减少重庆河段的泥沙淤积,降低其负面影响的有效途径。

Sediment Aggregation and Regulation for Chongqing Reach of the Fluctuating Backwater District in Three Georges Reservoir

Chongqing downtown river reach lies in the fluctuating backwater district of Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR).After running on the 175M scheme of the TGR,it shows that the deposits increase accumulatively with the TGR running in the downtown reach,the bed sand will be finer,the river bar will be widen and higher,there will be bed evolution and the backwater area upwards.The sediment aggregation brings out important influence on harbor,navigation,the infrastructures and eco-environment along both banks of the reach.Combined with various respects of research achievements,the main engineering measurements are put forward in order to decrease the influence,such as soil conservation and building reservoirs upstream to prevent sand sedimentation,narrowing the flow to wash sand,bank regulation,harbor reconstruction and navigable channel treatment,etc.These measures have very good effect on decreasing deposition and eliminating the negative effects.