实验性2型糖尿病大鼠模型及其周围神经病变特点

目的:制备发病过程类似人类2型糖尿病的大鼠模型,并观察其周围神经病变特点。方法:用高糖高脂饲料喂养Wistar大鼠诱发胰岛素抵抗,然后用亚致病剂量的链脲菌素(STZ)腹腔注射,诱发高血糖。在不同的时间观察其肌电图和周围神经的病理改变。结果:此方法制备的2型糖尿病大鼠周围神经病变特点有:1、坐骨神经运动传导速度降低。动作电位的波幅降低;2、腓肠神经有髓神经纤维的数目、有髓神经纤维的总截面积和纤维密度较正常对照组减少。结论:Wistar大鼠用高糖高脂饮食结合小剂量STZ注射可成功制备2型糖尿病大鼠模型,并具有典型的周围神经病变特点,是研究2型糖尿病及其慢性并发症的理想模型。

Type 2 Diabetics Mellitus and its Features of Peripheral Neruopathy in rat

Objective: This study was aimed at developing a rat model that closely simulates the metabolic abnormalities of the human type 2 diabetes mellitus and observe the change of peripheral neuropathy, Methods: Female Wistar rats were fed with the diets enriched with sucrose and lard to induce insulin resistance. Hyperglycemia was developed by intraperitoned injection in these rats with 30mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) after 1 month on the diets. In different period, we observe the electrophysiologic chages and pathlolgy developing of sutal nerve. Results: In those diabetic rats, the motor latent velocity and conduction velocity of sciatic nerve were slower, and the waves of action potential were lower than the controls. The mumber and area of myelin sheath were smaller than the control group . Conclusion; The novel rat model which is similar to human type 2 diabetes is induced by way of feeding with diets enriched sucrose and lard and by STZ intraperitoneal injection. This rat model is characterized by moderate hyperglycemia snd insulin resistance. The rat model has typical pathological change of peripheral nerve. It may provide a particularly advantageous tool for investigations of diabetes and its chronic complications.