The eye care profile and outcomes of multi-handicapped adults residing in Wayne County, Michigan group homes.

BACKGROUND: Patients with multi-handicaps present clinical challenges and are underserved. Central nervous system dysfunction and ocular disorders with this population are prevalent and well-documented. However, vision care outcomes data are limited and specific visual function recommendations to caregivers are rarely cited. METHODS: The charts of 110 multiply handicapped adults residing in 22 group homes in Wayne County. Michigan were retrospectively studied to identify ocular profiles and predictors of visual function. RESULTS: Sixty-five percent of the subjects were male and 80% were ages 26 to 55 years. There was no expressive language in 41%, and 37% were non-ambulatory. The median visual impairment level was moderate in both eyes (based on WHO). Significant associations between visual impairment level and subpopulations (such as seizure disorder, mental retardation without specific etiology, cerebral palsy, and Down syndrome) were identified. Successful spectacle wear statistically increased with higher refractive errors. Associations between cataract, nystagmus, and strabismus with particular subpopulations were significant (all P values < 0.0182). CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians who evaluate patients with multi-handicaps have few known predictors of treatment success. This study indicates that useful predictors of visual function can be made from refractive error, systemic conditions, and ocular diagnoses. No significant relationship was found with cognitive level and either vision impairment or spectacle use. The authors attribute successful implementation of recommendations to communication with group home caregivers.