土质边坡下压煤开采充填布置初探

边坡下压煤的开采一直是工程上的难题,在“三下”压煤开采中应用较成熟的充填开采法可以很好地控制边坡移动。本文采用Abaqus有限元软件,分析了在不同充填率下,第四系土质边坡坡脚点水平位移随逆坡向开采推进的变化规律。模拟结果表明,随着充填开采推进,不同充填率下坡脚点水平位移都经过先增大、后减小、再增大三个变化过程。开采经过坡脚时位移变化剧烈,而后位移增量逐渐较小,在充填率达到75%时,位移增量最终小于0.05 mm·m^-1,认为位移收敛。基于坡脚点的水平位移变化分析,提出充填布置优化方案,并进行整体稳定性分析。结合现场监控量测及时反馈,研究结果可以为边坡下矿体安全经济开发提供参考。

Preliminary Study on Backfill Layout in Coal Mining under the Soil Slope

Coal mining under the slope has been a problem in the engineering, taking into account the serious consequences of slope instability caused by mining. But the backfilling method, well used in coaling under the water, the railway and the building, can be effective on the control of the slope stability. As mining advancing along the inverse slope direction, the horizontal displacement behaviors of the soil slope foot point, at first, was studied in this paper, with different backfill rates, using the FEM software Abaqus. The simulation results show that the horizontal displacements with different backfill rates all experience three changes: first increases, then decreases and then increases again. When exploitation advancing passes the foot point, dramatic changes of horizontal displacement happen, but after that, the displacement increments become progressively smaller and even stable (displacement increment is less than 0.05 mm/m) when the backfill rate reaches 75%. Based on the above analyses, a backfill layout optimization program is proposed and verified to obtain the overall stability. Combined with on-site monitoring and measuring, the research results can be an effective reference for the safe and economic development of relevant mines.