60Co-γ射线对睡莲生物学效应的影响

为探究辐射对睡莲的生物学效应,对2个睡莲品种弗吉尼亚(Nymphaea Virginia)和奥毛斯特(N.Almost black)的块茎进行不同剂量的⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射处理。结果表明,2个睡莲品种的存活率均随辐射剂量的增加而下降,半致死剂量分别为24.342和27.671 Gy。5~10 Gy 剂量⁶⁰Co-γ辐射处理使睡莲叶面积和浮叶数显著增加,20~40 Gy剂量⁶⁰Co-γ辐射处理使叶面积和浮叶数显著减少。2个睡莲品种的开花时间均随辐射剂量的增加而延迟,但整个花期长度无显著变化。10~40 Gy剂量⁶⁰Co-γ辐射处理显著降低了睡莲花径,但对睡莲开花率无显著影响。辐射处理导致2个睡莲品种的叶片均出现红棕色斑块、锯齿、皱缩、小孔、卷曲、黄化等变异,且红棕色斑块的面积随着辐射剂量的增加而增大。辐射处理使黑红色花品种奥毛斯特出现普遍的褪色现象,而白色花品种弗吉尼亚的花色未发生变异。此外,经⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐射处理后2个睡莲品种均出现了花型变异的现象。本研究结果为利用辐射诱变技术选育睡莲新品种奠定了基础。

Biological Effect of 60Co-γ Ray on Water Lily Tubers

To investigate the biological effects of ⁶⁰Co-γ rays on water lily, tubers of two water lily cultivars, Nymphaea Virginia and N. Almost black, were irradiated at different doses by ⁶⁰Co-γ rays. Results showed that the survival rates of two water lily varieties decreased with the irradiation dose increased, and the semi-lethal doses were 24.342 Gy and 27.671 Gy, respectively. Besides, 5-10 Gy ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation treatment significantly increased leaf area and number of floating leaves, while 20-40 Gy ⁶⁰Co-γ radiation treatment significantly reduced leaf area and number of floating leaves. Although the flowering time of the two cultivars was delayed with the increase of irradiation dose, the whole flowering length did not change significantly. 10-40 Gy ⁶⁰Co-γ irradiation significantly reduced the diameter of water lily, yet had no significant effect on the flowering rate. Irradiation treatment resulted in red-brown patches, sawtooth, shrinkage, pore, curl and yellowish leaves of two water lily varieties. The area of red-brown patches increased with the increase of irradiation dose. Irradiation treatment resulted in a general fading of black-red flower cultivar Almost black, but no variation of white flower cultivar Virginia. In addition, flower pattern variations were observed in both cultivars. The present study laid a foundation for breeding new water lily varieties with the application of radiation mutagenesis technology.