8种杀菌剂在河北番茄和黄瓜中残留分析及其膳食暴露评估

目的评估河北省番茄和黄瓜中杀菌剂农药的残留状况及居民的杀菌剂膳食摄入风险。方法基于2017年河北省11个地市番茄和黄瓜2种蔬菜的农药残留抽检数据,并根据我国不同人群的摄入量和体重数据,运用EXCEL软件,以%ADI值和%ARf D值评估番茄和黄瓜的慢性和急性膳食暴露风险。结果 108份番茄和108份黄瓜的残留分析表明,61.1%的番茄、77.8%的黄瓜中含有杀菌剂残留,其中44.4%的番茄和61.1%的黄瓜有多种杀菌剂残留。慢性膳食暴露评估结果显示:8种杀菌剂中,风险大小顺序为腐霉利吡唑醚菌酯肟菌酯多菌灵甲基硫菌灵烯酰吗啉甲霜灵嘧菌酯;不同人群的风险程度依次为2~10岁11~17岁18~59岁60岁。急性膳食暴露评估结果显示:4种杀菌剂中,番茄的腐霉利和吡唑醚菌酯膳食摄入风险远高于烯酰吗啉和多菌灵,黄瓜的腐霉利膳食摄入风险远高于烯酰吗啉、多菌灵和吡唑醚菌酯;同一农药,不同年龄组人群之间,随着年龄的增加,农药急性膳食摄入风险呈下降趋势。结论河北省番茄和黄瓜中杀菌剂残留对居民不同人群杀菌剂残留的膳食摄入风险较低,各人群中可能存在的健康风险均在可接受范围。2~10岁儿童年龄组急性膳食摄入风险明显高于其他年龄组人群,需予以关注。

Residue levels and dietary exposure risk assessment of eight fungicides in the tomato and cucumber planted in Hebei

Objective To evaluate the residues of fungicides and bactericides in tomato and cucumber in Hebei province and the risk of dietary intake of germicides for residents. Methods Based on the data of fungicides residues from cucumber and tomatoes in 11 cities of Hebei province in 2017, and according to the data of intake and weight of different population in China, the Excel software was used to evaluate the risk of chronic and acute dietary exposure of tomato and cucumber with %ADI and %ARfD values. Results Residue analysis of 108 tomatoes and 108 cucumbers showed that 61.1% of tomatoes and 77.8% of cucumber contained fungicidal residues, of which 44.4% of tomato and 61.1% of cucumber had a variety of fungicidal residues. The results of the chronic dietary exposure assessment showed that among the 8 kinds of fungicides, the risk order was procymidone > pyraclostrobin > trifloxystrobin > carbendazim > thiophonate-methyl > dimethomorph > metalaxyl > azoxystrobin; and the risk level of different groups was 2-10 years old >11-17 years old >18-59 years old >60 years old. The results of acute dietary exposure assessment showed that the risk of dietary intake of procymidone and pyraclostrobin was much higher than that of dimethomorph and carbendazim of the 4 fungicides in tomato. The risk of dietary intake of the cucumber was much higher than that of allyl morpholine, polyclonazole and pyrazolate. The risk of dietary intake of procymidone was much higher than that of dimethomorph, carbendazim and pyraclostrobin in cucumber. The risk of acute dietary intake of the same pesticides decreased with the increase of age between different age groups. Conclusion The residue of fungicides in tomato and cucumber in Hebei province has a low risk of dietary intake of germicide in residents, and the possible health risks in each population are acceptable. The risk of acute dietary intake of children aged 2-10 years is significantly higher than that of other age groups, which needs to pay attention.