负载转基因成肌细胞和骨形态发生蛋白组织工程化骨修复骨缺损

背景：近年来有报道提出了睫状神经营养因子能够抑制成肌细胞体外成肌分化，可保持成肌细胞去分化状态的理论。两者可通过基因工程技术结合为组织工程化骨的构建提供种子细胞，联合骨形态发生蛋白在一定条件下促进骨缺损的修复。目的：探讨转染睫状神经营养因子基因成肌细胞与骨形态发生蛋白通过透明质酸钠凝胶载体结合修复兔桡骨节段性缺损的效果。方法：新西兰大白兔制备左侧桡骨中段造成1.0 cm的节段性骨缺损，缺损处以1.4 cm硅胶管桥接固定，管内植入负载骨形态发生蛋白与转睫状神经营养因子基因成肌细胞的透明质酸凝胶(实验组)、仅复合骨形态发生蛋白的透明质酸凝胶(对照组)或仅植入透明质酸凝胶(空白组)。结果与结论：动物体内实验表明实验组的X射线阻射密度、大体标本以及病理组织学观察情况均优于对照组和空白组，对照组也优于空白组。说明应用透明质酸钠凝胶复合转基因成肌细胞和骨形态发生蛋白因子作为膜内填充物构建组织工程化骨具有可行性，其应用于修复兔桡骨节段性缺损效果理想。

Bone defect repair with a new tissue-engineered bone carrying bone morphogenetic protein and transgene myoblasts in rabbits

BACKGROUND: In recent years it has been reported that ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) can inhibit the myogenic differentiation of myoblast in vitro to maintain the dedifferentiated status of myoblasts. Myoblasts transfected with CNTF can be used as seed cells for tissue-engineered bone, which combined with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) under certain conditions can promote the repair of bone defects.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of transfergene myoblasts in combination with BMP to repair radius defects in rabbits through sodium hyaluronate (HA) gel as a carrier.METHODS: At aseptic conditions, about 1.0 cm segmental bone defect was produced in the middle of rabbit radius, which was bridged with a 1.4 cm silica tube. Different inserts were implanted into the tube: myoblasts transfected with CNTF and BMP using the HA gel as a carrier (experimental group); BMP only compounded with the HA gel (control group); only HA gel implant group (blank group). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The animal experiments showed that the results of X-ray test, general observation, and pathohistological observation were better in the experimental group than the control and blank groups, and also better in the control group than the blank group. With GTR membrane as a silicone tube, HA gel compound transgenic myoblasts with BMP are feasible to construct a a new type tissue-engineered bone which has good effect on the repair of radius defects.