不同基因型燕麦萌发期耐盐碱性分析及其鉴定指标的筛选

为探究不同燕麦品种萌发期的盐碱胁迫耐性,筛选适宜于松嫩平原种植的燕麦品种,用NaHCO₃胁迫模拟松嫩平原盐碱环境,对49份来自国内外不同地区的主栽燕麦品种进行了研究。试验测定了150mmol/LNaHCO₃胁迫下燕麦种子的发芽率（GR）、发芽势（GP）、发芽指数（GI）、活力指数（VI）、胚根鲜重（RFW）、胚芽鲜重（GFW）、胚根干重（RDW）、胚芽干重（GDW）、胚根长（RL）和胚芽长（GL）10个生长指标,运用不同方法对其进行数据分析,进而评定不同燕麦品种的耐盐碱等级。结果表明：通过对各生长指标的耐盐碱系数进行主分量分析,得到GP、RFW、RL相互独立的3个综合指标,涵盖了全部数据92.182%的信息量;通过隶属函数分析和聚类分析将49份燕麦品种分为4类,其中蒙燕1号、SX3、晋燕9号为高度耐盐碱品种,T6、T13等5个品种为耐盐碱品种,坝莜12号、SX2等29个品种为中度耐盐碱品种,HLJ 1、白燕7号等12个品种为盐碱敏感品种;由逐步回归分析方法得到最优回归方程D=-0.09+0.447GP+1.018RFW+0.366RL（R ²=1.000）,可为快速筛选耐盐碱燕麦品种提供科学依据。

Analysis of Saline-Alkaline Tolerance and Screening of Identification Indexes of Different Oat Genotypes at the Germination Stage

This study was to explore the salt alkaline bearing capacity of different oat cultivars at the germination stage and screen the oat cultivars which are well suited to grow in Songnen Plain. NaHCO₃ stress was used to simulate the saline conditions of Songnen Plain. Forty-nine major oat cultivars were used in this research. Ten growth indexes, including germination rate (GR), germination potential (GP), germination index (GI), vitality index (VI), radicle fresh weight (RFW), plumule fresh weight (GFW), radicle dry weight (RDW), plumule dry weight (GDW), radicle length (RL), plumule length (GL) were measured under 150mmol/L NaHCO₃ stress. Different analysis methods were used to analyze the experiment data to assess the grade of saline-alkaline tolerance of all 49 oat cultivars. The results showed that three independent comprehensive indexes, which included GP, RFW, RL, were obtained by principle component analysis of saline-alkaline tolerance coefficients of all growth indexes. The comprehensive indexes covered 92.182% of the information of all data; 49 oat cultivars were divided into four groups through subordinate function analysis and clustering analysis. Among them, Mengyan 1, SX3 and Jinyan 9 were highly resistant to saline-alkaline,T6, T13 and other three cultivars were salt-tolerant cultivars, Bayou 12, SX2 and other 27 cultivars were moderate tolerant to saline-alkaline, HLJ 1, Baiyan 7 and other 10 cultivars were sensitive to saline-alkaline. The best regression equation was obtained by stepwise regression analysis, D=–0.09+0.447GP+1.018RFW+0.366RL (R ²=1.000). It can provide a way for rapid screening of saline-alkali tolerant cultivars.