美国体育小镇的运行机制及其对中国的启示

体育是美国人生活中不可或缺的一部分,发达的体育文化为美国小镇体育的繁荣奠定了基础。研究以美国体育小镇为对象,运用文献资料、实地考察、逻辑分析及ArcGIS地理信息绘图等方法和技术对美国体育小镇进行了研究。结果表明:美国体育小镇的布局属非均匀化发展,存在东强西弱,南强北弱的特点且表现出"马太效应"。进而从社会学的角度分析了美国体育小镇运行的外部环境和内在动力机制,并以典型案例对体育小镇运行特点进行了剖析。建议我国体育小镇的建设应从目标引领、政策驱动、环境支持、形成正反馈循环和塑造灵魂等方面思考以推动体育小镇的建设。

Operation Mechanism of Sports Resorts in the United States and Its Enlightenment to China

Sports are an integral part of the Americans.The highly developed sports culture has laid a foundation for the prosperity of the American sports resorts.In this paper,literature study,field investigation,logic analysis and ArcGIS showed that the distribution of the sports resorts in the United States developed in an imbalanced way.The eastern and southern states were more developed while western and northern states were less developed,which was characterized with the "Matthew Effect".The external and internal energy mechanism of sports resorts and the operation characteristics were analyzed with typical cases.It was suggested that the construction of sports resorts in China should be targeted at the goals,policies and environment so as to form a positive feedback mechanism and benign cycle.