铝合金与铸铁缸盖的生命周期评价对比分析

通过运用GaBi软件建模,对某款汽车发动机的缸盖由铸铁材料变为铝合金材料前后的全生命周期资源消耗、环境排放影响评价进行对比分析。评价结果表明:除矿产资源消耗外,铝合金缸盖的能源消耗及温室效应、酸化效应等5种环境影响综合量化值均小于铸铁缸盖;但若仅从原材料生产的角度分析,与铸铁材料相比,铝合金材料并没有实现真正意义上的节能减排,其资源环境影响值均远大于铸铁材料。通过进一步对铝合金材料的生产制造过程进行分析,得出其电解过程对能源环境的影响最大,通过使用清洁的能源和原料、采用先进的工艺技术与设备等措施可对铝材进行清洁生产。

Comparative analysis on life cycle assessment between aluminum alloy and cast iron cylinder cover

By modeling with GaBi software, this paper has made a comparative analysis on life cycle resource depletion and environmental impact between aluminum alloy and cast iron cylinder cover. The assessment result shows that other than mineral depletion, all the other six environment impact comprehensive quantized values such as GWP, AP and etc. are all smaller than cast iron cylinder cover; nevertheless, if only according to the analysis of material producing, aluminum alloy does not realize the real sense of energy conservation and emissions reduction comparing to cast iron cylinder cover, and its resource environment impact is much greater than cast iron material. Also, the further analysis on the manufacturing process of aluminum alloy shows that its electrolytic process has the most significant impact on resource and environment; in order to make cleaner production of aluminum alloy, the using of cleaner energy and materials, the applying of advanced technologies and equipment are becoming the sensible options.