Parametric study on a coaxial multi-material powder flow in laser-based powder deposition process |
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| Authors: | Prabu Balu Perry Leggett Radovan Kovacevic |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Faculty of Technical Engineering of Bilbao, Plaza de la Casilla 3, 48012 Bilbao, Spain;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Faculty of Engineering of Bilbao, Alameda de Urquijo s/n, 48013 Bilbao, Spain;1. “La Caixa” Foundation Scholarship holder. Department of Mechanical Engineering. University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU. Alameda Urquijo,s/n, 48013-Bilbao-Spain;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering. University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU. Alameda Urquijo,s/n, 48013-Bilbao-Spain;1. Ecole Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Saint-Etienne, 58 rue Jean Parot,42023 Saint-Etienne, France;2. Khristianovich''s Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 4/1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;1. Université de Lyon, Ecole Nationale d''Ingénieurs de Saint-Etienne (ENISE), DIPI Laboratory, 58 rue Jean Parot, 42023 Saint-Etienne Cedex 2, France;2. Khristianovich''s Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russia;1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China;2. University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240, China;3. Institute of High Temperature Alloy, Central South University, 410012, China |
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| Abstract: | The manner with which the composite powder particles injected into the laser formed molten pool decides the deposition quality in a typical laser-based powder deposition of composite material. Since, the morphology and physical properties of nickel (Ni) and tungsten carbide (WC) are different their powder flow characteristics such as the powder particles stream structure, maximum concentration at the converging spot, and the powder particles velocity are noticeably different. In the current study, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) based powder flow model is established to characterize the coaxial powder flow behavior of Ni–WC composite powders. The key powder flow characteristics such as the stand-off distance, the diameter of the powder stream at the stand-off distance, and the velocity of the powder particles are measured using three different vision based techniques. Both the numerical and experimental results reveal the exact stand-off distance where the substrate needs to be placed, the diameter of the concentration spot of powder at the stand-off distance, and a combination of suitable nozzle angle, diameter, and carrier gas flow rate to obtain a maximum powder concentration at the stand-off distance with a stable composite powder flow. |
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