静电纺高效防尘复合滤料的制备及其性能

为获得无毒无害高效防尘口罩的过滤材料，采用静电纺丝技术制备直径为（0.088±0.01）μm的锦纶6∕ 壳聚糖（PA6/CS）共混纳米纤维，与丙纶熔喷非织造布复合形成高效防尘复合滤料，研究了静电纺丝时间对复合滤料表面形貌、孔径及其分布、过滤性能和透气透湿性能的影响。结果表明，静电纺（PA6/CS）纳米纤维层可显著提高丙纶熔喷非织造布的过滤效率，静电纺丝 90 min 后复合滤料对 NaCl 气溶胶的过滤效率达到99%以上，明显高于丙纶熔喷非织造布的过滤效率（29%），但是随着静电纺丝时间的延长，复合滤料的孔径、过滤阻力和透气性能明显下降，而透湿性能变化不明显。

Preparation and properties of electrospun composite material for high-efficiency ash filtration

In order to make filtering mask with nontoxicity,harmless andhigh efficiency, composite filtering material madeby electrospun 6/chitosan (PA6/CS) nanofibers and polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabric has been prepared. The diameter of electrospun PA6/CS nanofiber was (0.088±0.01)μm. The influence ofelectrospun time on surface morphology,pore size, filtration efficiency, ventilation property and water vapor permeability were investigated. The results showed that the electrospun PA6/CS nanofibers can significantlyimprove filtration efficiency of polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabric. The filtration efficiency to NaCl aerosol of composite material electrospun for 90 min was increased to 99%, which was obviously higher than polypropylene melt-blown nonwoven fabric by about 29%. The pore size, filtration pressure and ventilation property of the composite material were decreased obviously with increasing electrospun time, but the water vapor permeability was not changed obviously.