健康素养、授权能力对初诊2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力的影响研究

目的探索健康素养、授权能力对初诊2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力的影响,为开展糖尿病人的自我管理干预提供理论依据。方法采用方便抽样的方法,运用自拟问卷、慢性病患者健康素养量表、糖尿病授权中文简化量表、中文版糖尿病自我管理量表对687名初诊2型糖尿病患者进行调查。采用多元线性回归模型分析健康素养、授权能力对初诊2型糖尿病患者自我管理能力的影响,并采用Bootstrap法对健康素养、授权能力及自我管理能力间的中介效应进行检验。结果初诊2型糖尿病患者健康素养得分为(69.93±23.30)分,授权能力得分为(3.02±0.96)分,自我管理得分为(24.34±12.40)分。健康素养、授权能力和自我管理得分三个变量,两两之间呈正相关。多元线性回归结果显示,健康素养、授权能力与婚姻状况是自我管理能力的影响因素。授权能力在健康素养对自我管理的影响中发挥着部分中介效应的作用,中介效应占比10.51%。结论在糖尿病患者的健康管理工作中,应重视提高初诊2型糖尿病患者的健康素养,授权能力和自我管理能力。

Effects of health literacy and empowerment capacity on self-management ability of patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective To explore the influence of health literacy and empowerment capacity on self-management ability of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) diagnosed for the first time, and to provide a theoretical basis for self-management intervention of diabetic patients. Methods Six hundred and eighty-seven patients diagnosed with T2DM for the first time were selected through a convenient sampling method, and then investigated by using a self-designed questionnaire, Health Literacy Scale for Patients with Chronic Diseases, Chinese Version-Diabetes Empowerment Scale-Short Form (C-DES-SF) and Chinese Version of Diabetes Self-management Scale. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influence of health literacy and empowerment capacity on self-management ability of the patients with T2DM diagnosed for the first time, and Bootstrap method was employed to test the intermediary effect among health literacy, empowerment capacity and self-management ability. Results The health literacy score of the patients with T2DM diagnosed for the first time was (69.93±23.30), the authorization ability score (3.02±0.96), and the self-management score (24.34±12.40). The scores of three variables, health literacy, empowerment capacity and self-management were positively correlated each other. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that health literacy, empowerment capacity and marital status were the factors influencing self-management ability. Empowerment capacity played a part of intermediary effect in the influence of health literacy on self-management, and the intermediary effect accounted for 10.51%. Conclusion In terms of health management of the patients with T2DM diagnosed for the first time, special attention should be paid to improving their health literacy, empowerment capacity and self-management ability.