河北省长城沿线县域旅游产业集聚对经济增长的空间溢出效应研究

通过2015—2019年河北省长城沿线县域旅游产业集聚水平测算，归纳河北省长城沿线县域旅游集聚现状特征，并在地理权重矩阵的基础上采用探索性空间数据分析，探究各县域人均GDP的区域分异规律，运用空间计量经济学模型探讨县域旅游产业集聚对经济增长的空间溢出效应。结果表明：(1)河北省长城沿线县域的旅游集聚差异整体上呈现收敛态势；(2)人均GDP的空间正相关性显著，空间集聚度大体呈现稳中有降，且逐渐向均衡态势发展；(3)县域间人均GDP正向空间溢出效应明显；旅游集聚正向效应显著，是影响人均GDP的重要因素。基于以上分析提出相应建议，有利于县域间旅游经济活动的合作与竞争，对于长城的保护与传承也具有重要意义。

Spatial spillover effect of county tourism industry agglomeration on economic growth along the Great Wall in Hebei Province

This paper takes the county where the Great Wall is located in Hebei Province from 2015 to 2019 as the research point. By measuring the level of tourism industry agglomeration in the counties, it summarizes the current situation of tourism agglomeration in the counties and uses exploratory spatial data to explore the regional differentiation of GDP per capita. The spatial spillover effect of the externality of county tourism industry agglomeration on economic growth is analyzed by using spatial econometric model. It is conducive to the cooperation and competition of tourism economic activities among counties. Secondly, the paper is promoting the establishment of the joint mechanism of protection and development of the Great Wall, and promoting the improvement of local economic level. The results as follows: 1) The differences of tourism agglomeration in counties where the Great Wall is located in Hebei Province show a convergence trend on the whole. 2) GDP per capita has a significant positive spatial correlation. The spatial agglomeration degree generally shows a steady and decreasing trend. It gradually develops equally. 3) There is a significant positive spatial spillover effect of GDP per capita among counties. Tourism agglomeration has a significant positive effect and becomes an important factor affecting GDP per capita. The differences of tourism agglomeration in counties where the Great Wall is located in Hebei province show a convergence trend on the whole. It shows that the agglomeration degree of tourism industry has not changed and improved significantly. However, the tourism development pattern has gradually changed from extremely unbalanced to balanced. Local spatial agglomeration of per capita GDP is obvious. The counties of high-high concentration areas and low-low concentration areas, low-high or high-low concentration areas changed slightly over time. It is mainly distributed in the northern and central areas of Hebei Province where the Great Wall is located, forming a local spatial club pattern. The agglomeration of cultural resources of the Great Wall will have certain influence on economic growth. The agglomeration effect of tourism in neighboring areas will have a positive impact on this region. Government input and road network density have significant positive effects on control variables.