电弧炉电能需求的生产实践与评价

电耗是电弧炉的重要技术指标之一，在当前发电行业背景下，降低电弧炉电耗具有显著的经济和环境效益。根据典型电弧炉企业生产数据，系统分析各项工艺参数与电耗之间的关系，并进一步评价了各种方法降低电耗的环境效益。结果表明，优化供电制度和强化供氧是具有良好环境效益的节电手段。对于连续加料电弧炉，天然气喷吹对降低电耗的作用被极大减弱，天然气消耗与电耗的相关系数为-1.13 kW·h/m³,其应用不利于CO₂减排。尽管兑加铁水可以显著降低电耗，但是兑加40%(质量分数)铁水的连续加料电弧炉能耗和碳排放量分别是全废钢连续加料电弧炉的2.25和2.50倍，不利于推动钢铁工业节能减排工作。因此，降低电弧炉电耗需要通过增加电弧炉中化学能和物理热的供应及减少能量损失的手段来实现。

Production practice and evaluation of electric power demand of electric arc furnace

Power consumption is one of the important technical indicators of electric arc furnace (EAF). In the context of the current power generation industry, reducing power consumption of electric arc furnace has significant economic and environmental benefits. Based on the production data of typical electric arc furnace enterprises, the relationship between various process parameters and power consumption was systematically analyzed, and environmental benefits of various methods for reducing power consumption were further evaluated. The results show that optimizing power supply system and strengthening oxygen supply are energy-saving methods with good environmental benefits. For continuous charging electric arc furnace, the effect of natural gas injection on reducing power consumption is greatly reduced. The correlation coefficient between natural gas consumption and power consumption is -1.13 kW·h/m3, and its application is not conducive to CO₂ emission reduction. Although adding hot metal can significantly reduce power consumption, the energy consumption and carbon emissions of 40% (mass fraction)hot metal charging Consteel© EAF are 2.25 and 2.50 times higher than that of 100% scrap Consteel© EAF, respectively, which is not conducive to promoting energy conservation and emission reduction in the iron and steel industry. Therefore, reducing power consumption of EAF needs to be achieved by increasing the supply of chemical energy and physical heat and reducing energy loss.