中空MOFs材料制备及电催化应用的研究进展

水分裂、金属-空气电池和燃料电池等能源转换技术对解决未来的能源危机和环境问题至关重要.氧还原反应(ORR)、氧析出反应(OER)和氢析出反应(HER)作为其核心反应,存在反应动力学速率较慢的问题,因此,开发研制高效的非贵金属电催化剂具有重要意义.金属有机骨架(MOFs)材料因具有高度可调的组成和多孔晶体结构,在不同的应用领域引起了越来越多的关注.中空MOFs纳米材料具有MOFs材料高度可调的组成和结构优势,又具有中空结构纳米材料的优点(如更快的物质传输、更丰富的孔隙率、灵活多变的活性组分、更多的暴露活性位点及对苛刻条件的更好相容性等),在电催化领域显现出巨大的应用潜力.本文对近几年来基于中空结构MOFs材料的制备及在电催化方面应用的研究进展进行了综合评述,并对该领域面临的挑战和发展前景进行了总结和展望.

Progress on Preparation and Electrocatalytic Application of Hollow MOFs

Water splitting， metal-air batteries and fuel cells are energy conversion technologies that are critical to solving future energy crises and environmental problems. The oxygen reduction reaction（ORR）， oxygen release reaction（OER） and hydrogen release reaction（HER）， as the core reactions， have the problem of slow kinetic speed， so it is of great significance to develop efficient non-noble metal electrocatalysts. Metal-organic frameworks（MOFs） have attracted more and more attention in different applications due to their highly tunable compositions and porous crystal structures. And hollow MOFs have the advantages of highly adjustable composition and structure of MOFs， as well as the advantages of hollow structure nanomaterials， such as faster transmission quality， more abundant porosity， rich active components， more exposed active sites， and better compatibility with harsh conditions， etc.， and show great potential applications in the field of electricity catalysis. In this paper， the preparation of hollow MOFs based structural materials and their research progress in electrocatalysis in recent years are reviewed， and the challenges and prospects in this field are summarized.