全球主要铅锌矿业公司锌矿资源与开发利用及其对我国的启示

全球铅锌资源丰富、分布相对分散,全球主要铅锌公司通过相对集中的资源布局,掌控优质资源,配套发展铅锌冶炼-加工产产业,构建了完整的产业链资产组合,把握了行业竞争力和话语权。本文采用国际权威矿产资源专业数据库资料和国外矿业企业公开披露的数据,聚焦全球主要铅锌公司的铅锌资源状况,通过分析其主要项目的矿床类型及其分布特征,资源储量、品位及其勘探、开发利用情况等,认为国外矿业巨头均以资源保障能力掌控行业话语权与竞争力。同时通过我国矿企境外锌资源开发情况,揭示我国矿企“走出去”任重道远。笔者认为在全球实现“碳达峰、碳中和”的大背景下,环保安全整治、小矿山关停、在产矿山资源贫化等因素叠加影响下,我国矿业企业应继续积极“走出去”,在巩固国内铅锌矿山基本产量基础下,加大在境外优质资源的投资力度,提高境外权益矿产产量,实现企业大型化和国际化,为我国十四五高质量发展中国家大宗战略性矿产资源的保障能力贡献力量。

Exploitation and utilization of mineral resources of major lead and zinc companies in the world and enlightenments to China

The global lead and zinc resources are rich and relatively dispersed. The world"s major lead and zinc companies have grasped the industry competitiveness and discourse power through the relatively centralized resource layout. This paper focuses on the lead and zinc resources of the world"s major lead and zinc companies by using the international authoritative database and the annual reports publicly disclosed by foreign mining enterprises. Through the analysis of the deposit type, resource reserves, grade, exploration, development and utilization of the main projects, it is believed that the foreign mining giants all control the discourse power and competitiveness of the industry with the resource guarantee ability. At the same time, through the overseas zinc resources development situation of Chinese mining enterprises, it is revealed that there is a long way to go .In the global to realize " carbon dioxide emission and carbon neutrality ", against the background of environmental safety, small mines shut down, in mining resources depleted under the influence of factors such as overlay, the author thinks that the mining enterprises in China should continue to actively "go out", to strengthen the domestic lead and zinc mine under the basic production, increase the intensity of high quality resources of overseas investment, improve the rights and interests of foreign mineral production, achieve large-scale and international enterprises, in order to contribute to the national security capacity of large strategic mineral resources.