木质素碳纳米材料制备及在催化中的应用研究进展

木质素是自然界储量丰富的可再生资源，含碳量高且具有三维网状结构和大量共轭结构。碳材料是一类具有极大应用价值的催化材料，特别是在电催化、热催化和光催化领域。以木质素为原料制备高活性的木质素碳基催化剂是实现木质素高附加值利用有效的途径之一。木质素碳催化材料研究涉及化学、化工和物理等多个学科领域，制备性能优异和稳定性良好的木质素碳基催化剂仍充满挑战。本文主要总结了木质素碳材料的制备研究进展，以及介绍了木质素碳材料在光催化、热催化和电催化等领域的应用研究现状。此外，还分析了当前木质素碳基催化材料存在的问题，并展望了未来的发展趋势和重点研究方向。

Research progress on the preparation of lignin-derived carbon materials and their application in catalysis

Lignin is a renewable resource with abundant natural reserves, high carbon content, three-dimensional network structure, and a large number of conjugate structures. Carbon materials are a kind of catalyst materials with great application value, especially in the fields of electrocatalysis, thermal catalysis and photocatalysis. The preparation of lignin-derived carbon catalysts with high catalytic activity through precise control of their microstructure characteristics is one of the most effective ways to realize the ultra-high value-added utilization of lignin. The research of lignin-derived carbon catalysts is an interdisciplinary frontier subject involving chemistry, chemical engineering, physics and other disciplines. The controllable preparation of lignin-based carbon catalysts with excellent performance and good stability is still a challenging subject. This article mainly summarizes the recent research of lignin-derived carbon materials, and introduces the application in photocatalysis, thermal catalysis, and electrocatalysis. In addition, the current problems of lignin carbon-based catalytic materials are analyzed, and future development trends and key research directions are prospected.