高炉炉缸破损调研分析

高炉炉缸安全是高炉长寿的主要限制环节,首钢股份公司环保限产期间对2号高炉进行了在不切割炉壳情况下的炉缸保护性清理和浇注修复施工。在此期间对高炉炉缸的破损情况进行了调研,研究了首钢股份公司 2 号高炉风口以下炉缸渣皮、风口区域、出铁口前泥包的状态和炉底陶瓷垫的侵蚀状况,并分析了造成炉缸炭砖侵蚀的原因及炉缸中钛和锌元素的物相。研究发现炉底陶瓷垫未形成锅底状侵蚀,越是靠近炉墙位置,陶瓷垫侵蚀越严重,说明了炉缸活跃度不够。而象脚区炭砖侵蚀主要是受铁、钾和硫等元素的渗透侵蚀;炉底象脚区域发现大量古铜色碳氮化钛沉积物,沉积物呈带状分布;破损炉缸中发现的大量ZnO富集物是黄绿色而非传统的白色。此次破损调研为后期炉缸浇注、高炉操作以及今后的炉缸设计提供现实可靠的依据,其意义重大。

Investigation and analysis of blast furnace hearth damage

Blast furnace hearth safety is the main limiting link of blast furnace longevity. Shougang Co., Ltd. carried out protective cleaning and pouring repairing of No.2 blast furnace without cutting the furnace shell during the environmental protection period. At the same time, the damage of blast furnace hearth was investigated. The condition for slag skin of hearth below tuyere, tuyere area, mud pack in front of taphole and the erosion status of ceramic mat at the bottom of No.2 blast furnace in Shougang Co., Ltd. were studied. The causes for erosion of carbon bricks and the phase of titanium and zinc in the hearth were analyzed. It was found that the ceramic pad at the bottom of furnace did not form pot bottom erosion, and the closer to furnace wall the more serious for erosion. This indicated that the hearth activity was not enough. The erosion of carbon brick in elephant foot area was mainly caused by permeated erosion of elements such as iron, potassium and sulfur. The large amount of bronze titanium carbonitride deposits were found in the elephant foot area at the bottom of furnace, and the deposits distributed in strips. The large amount of ZnO enrichment found in the damaged hearth was yellow green rather than traditional white. The damage investigation provides a realistic and reliable basis for later hearth pouring, blast furnace operation and future hearth design, which has the great significance.