提升电网惯性与一次调频性能的储能容量配置方法

风电、光伏等新能源机组取代同步发电机组接入电网,使电网的惯性和一次调频备用容量下降,电网频率的暂态稳定性也随之下降。针对这一问题,通过分析储能控制器系数与电网频率动态之间的关系,提出了一种定量配置储能的方法。该方法能够维持新能源机组取代传统机组接入前后,系统惯性大小以及一次调频能力不变。同时,针对新能源机组输出功率的波动性会导致承担的负荷低于装机容量的问题,文章进一步根据新能源电站历史输出功率数据,通过设置置信水平的方式来确定储能容量大小,从而提升储能配置的经济性。仿真结果表明,所提储能配置方法能够定量补偿电网的惯性大小和一次调频备用容量,有效提升电网频率的暂态稳定性。

Capacity Allocation of Energy Storage System for Improving Grid Inertia and Primary Frequency Regulation

When renewable energy such as photovoltaic and wind power replace synchronous generators in the grid, the inertia of the grid and the primary frequency-regulation reserve capacity will be reduced, and the transient stability of the grid frequency will also deteriorate. According to the analysis of the relationship between the coefficient of energy storage controller and the frequency dynamics of power grid, a capacity allocation method for energy storage is proposed. The method can maintain the system inertia and primary frequency-regulation capacity constant before and after renewable energy replace the traditional units. Meanwhile, considering the fluctuation of the output power of the renewable energy, the load supplied by renewable energy is lower than its installed capacity. To improve the economy of energy storage allocation, this paper further proposes a method to determine the energy storage capacity by setting the confidence level according to the historical output power data of renewable power stations. Simulation results show that the proposed allocation method for energy storage capacity can quantitatively compensate the inertia and reserve capacity of the power grid, thereby effectively improving the transient stability of the power grid frequency.