Optimization of supercritical CO2 extraction of dried Helichrysum italicum flowers by response surface methodology: GC-MS profiles of the extracts and essential oil |
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| Authors: | Igor Jerkovi? Marina Raji? Zvonimir Marijanovi? Mate Bili? Stela Joki? |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Split, Croatiaigor@ktf-split.hr;3. Vextra d.o.o., Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;4. Department of Food Technology, Marko Maruli? Polytechnic in Knin, Knin, Croatia;5. Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia |
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| Abstract: | Supercritical (SC) CO2 extraction of dried Immortelle flowers was performed at different process parameters. The optimal extraction conditions related to the yield were determined by response surface methodology (yield 4.09% at 20 MPa and 52°C). The extracts were analyzed by GC-MS and tremetone derivatives dominated: bitalin A, 12-acetoxytremetone, gnaphaliol, 1-2-(2-methyl-2,3-dihydroxypropyl)-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]ethanone, isobutyl bitalin A, and 1-2-(acetylprop-1-en-2-yl)-3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1-benzofuran-5-yl]ethanone. Striking differences were found among the essential oil and SC-CO2 extracts composition. The major oil compounds were γ-curcumene, α-pinene, β-selinene, α-selinene, and limonene. Mono- and sesquiterpene were found among minor constituents of the extracts. Neryl acetate was present in the extracts and essential oil. |
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| Keywords: | Essential oil GC-MS profiles of the extracts Helichrysum italicum response surface methodology supercritical CO2 extraction |
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