青年人急性心肌梗塞的特点和危险因素分析

目的　探讨青年人冠心病的主要危险因素。方法　回顾分析了５５ 例青年急性心肌梗塞（ Ａ Ｍ Ｉ） 的临床资料，并与中老年急性心肌梗塞患者比较。结果　青年人 Ａ Ｍ Ｉ 有以下特点：冠心病家族史、吸烟和饮酒者均多于中老年患者（ 比值比前者为１ ．４ ，后二者均为１ ．６） ；发病有明确诱因者多于中老年组，且以劳累、过度用力为主；青年组表现为典型胸痛者较多。结论　吸烟、饮酒与遗传是青年人冠心病的主要危险因素，控制烟酒，避免过劳与情绪激动可预防 Ａ Ｍ Ｉ。

Analysis on characteristics and risk factors of acute myocardial infarction in younger adults

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors and characteristics related to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in younger adults. METHODS: Clinical data were analyzed in 55 patients under 40 years old with AMI and compared with 1,097 controls of older age group (> or = 40 years). RESULTS: Results showed that the family history of coronary heart disease, smoking and alcohol intake were more frequently seen in younger age group than those in control group with odds ratios OR = 1.4, OR = 1.6 and OR = 1.6, respectively. Younger age group had a higher rate of noticeable inducing cause and the major causes were exhaustion and physically over-hurdened. A higher percentage of typical chest pain was found in younger patients. CONCLUSION: Smoking, alcohol drinking and genetic factor made up major risk factors of coronary heart disease in younger adults in this study, however reducing the amount of smoking and alcohol drinking, prevention of fatigue and over excitement might have some preventive impact on the prevalence of AMI in younger population.