露天矿边坡失稳破坏模式及其稳定性研究

以福建某大型露采钨矿边坡为例,通过现场工程地质调查和试验研究,总结提出了矿山边坡的变形破坏模式。考虑采场边坡岩体由于结构面分布广泛且形态各异呈现的非均匀性和各向异性,采用平面滑动破坏、楔形体破坏、圆弧形破坏和倾倒破坏4种评价方法分别建立了矿山高边坡的地质模型,进行了稳定性分析评价并提出综合防治措施。研究结果表明,岩体结构面的性质、分布及其与坡面的组合关系是露天采场边坡稳定的主要控制因素;露天采场边坡具有危岩崩塌、平面滑动、楔形体破坏、倾倒破坏和圆弧滑动破坏等多种失稳模式,应采用多种评价方法对其进行分区评价。研究成果可为露天矿边坡岩体稳定性分析、治理设计和矿山安全生产提供参考依据。

STUDY ON THE FAILURE MODEL AND STABILITY OF AN OPEN-PIT SLOPE

Taking an open-pit slope in Fujian for example, the failure models of the open-pit slope are put forward on the basis of detailed field geological investigation and experimental study. Considering that rock masses of open-pit slope are of heterogeneity and anisotropy due to widely distributed and diversiform structural planes, four various geological models of open-pit slope are established by using evaluation methods of planer failure, wedge failure, toppling failure and circular failure respectively, the stability of open-pit slope is analyzed and comprehensive prevention measures are proposed. Results show that the properties and distribution of structure planes of rock masses, together with their syntagmatic relation to the slope configuration are the dominant factors of the stability of open-pit slope. As there are different types of slope failure, namely, planer failure, wedge failure, toppling failure and circular failure, various evaluation methods should be taken pertinently on evaluating the stability of open-pit slope. The research can provide practical use to the stability evaluation, treatment design of open-pit slope, as well as safety production for mine.